Proceeding International Conference Of Innovation ...
Journal Title : Proceeding International Conference Of Innovation Science, Technology, Education, Children And Health Initials : icistech Frequency : Juni & Desember Online ISSN : 2776-9062 Editor in Chief : Dr. Anis Ansyori,S.Psi, MMRS,Psikolog DOI : 10.62951 Publisher : Program Studi DIII Rekam Medis dan Informasi Kesehatan Proceeding International Conference Of Innovation Science, Technology, Education, Children And Health, this journal is intended for the publication of scientific articles and is published by Program Studi DIII Rekam Medis dan Informasi Kesehatan. The conference focuses on cross-disciplinary collaboration, innovative solutions, and cutting-edge technology. Participants will discuss research findings, educational methods, and strategies to improve child welfare and healthcare systems. The conference aims to disseminate knowledge, recommend policies, and build professional networks to apply innovative ideas in everyday practice. This journal is published 1 year 2 times (Juni & Desember) Indexed by:
Program Studi DIII Rekam Medis dan Informasi Kesehatan
Analysis of Hospital Health Service Quality Towards Patient Loyal-ty Through Leadership Style at Tgk. Chik Ditiro Sigli Regional General Hospital
This study examines the relationship between Hospital Healthcare Service Quality (HCSQ) and patient loyalty at Tgk. Chik Ditiro Sigli Regional General Hospital, with a focus on the mediating role of patient satisfaction and the influence of leadership styles. Employing a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis to capture the perspectives of patients, healthcare professionals, and hospital administrators. The findings reveal that key dimensions of HCSQ—such as responsiveness, empathy, communication, and facility environment—significantly impact patient satisfaction, which in turn mediates patient loyalty. Leadership styles emphasizing collaboration, communication, and patient-centeredness were found to enhance service quality and foster stronger patient-hospital relationships. Conversely, authoritarian leadership styles or those lacking effective communication negatively affected both employee performance and patient perceptions. The study highlights the importance of empowering employees, fostering teamwork, investing in infrastructure, and prioritizing patient-centered care to improve service quality and loyalty. These findings provide actionable insights for hospital management to enhance organizational performance and build long-term trust with patients. Future research is recommended to explore these relationships quantitatively across diverse healthcare settings and examine the role of cultural factors in shaping patient expectations and loyalty behaviors.
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Analysis of the Role of Patient Trust in Improving Health Equity: Case Study at the General Hospital in Aceh Province
Mistrust in healthcare settings presents a substantial obstacle to achieving health equity, particularly in regions with unique socio-cultural contexts. This qualitative study explores the multifaceted role of patient trust in enhancing health equity within general hospitals in the Aceh Province, Indonesia, a region with a complex history and distinct cultural norms. Through a review of recent literature (2020-2025), this analysis focuses on how trust influences patient engagement, healthcare utilization patterns following the implementation of Jaminan Kesehatan Aceh (JKA), and ultimately, health outcomes across the province. The study reveals that while JKA has improved overall healthcare access, geographical disparities and financial constraints beyond insurance coverage continue to hinder equitable healthcare utilization. Furthermore, the crucial role of healthcare providers in building trust through cultural competence, effective communication, and empathy is highlighted. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions that address the root causes of medical mistrust, promote culturally sensitive care, and reduce the social and economic barriers to accessing quality healthcare. This research emphasizes the critical need for healthcare providers and institutions to actively build and maintain trust, especially with under-represented groups, to ensure equitable access and quality of care and improve health equity in Aceh. Future research should evaluate interventions designed to strengthen patient-provider trust and address social determinants of health.
Analysis of Emotional Intelligence on Communication Skills Mediated by Nurses' Job Satisfaction at Pidie Jaya Regional General Hospital
This study investigates the intricate relationship between emotional intelligence (EI), communication skills, and job satisfaction among nurses at Pidie Jaya Regional General Hospital. Focusing on the mediating role of job satisfaction, this qualitative analysis synthesizes findings from recent research to elucidate how these factors interact to influence nursing performance and the quality of patient care. Data, gathered from in-depth interviews with 15 nurses, were analyzed using thematic analysis. Key themes revealed that EI significantly enhances communication skills, with emotional awareness, empathy, and emotional regulation playing crucial roles. Job satisfaction, influenced by organizational support, professional development opportunities, and work-life balance, acts as a critical mediator, fostering positive attitudes and effective communication practices. The combined effect of high EI, strong communication skills, and job satisfaction leads to improved patient satisfaction, enhanced teamwork, and reduced errors, impacting overall healthcare outcomes. The study underscores the importance of EI training and supportive work environments in improving nurse performance and quality of care, advocating for holistic approaches that integrate these factors to optimize healthcare delivery.
Analysis of the Suitability of the Head Nurse's Leadership Style Mediated by Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment to Nurse Performance at Pidie Jaya Regional General Hospital
This study examines the relationship between the leadership styles of nurse managers, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and their combined influence on nurse performance in Pidie Jaya Regional General Hospital. Using a qualitative approach, the research explores how transformational and transactional leadership styles affect organizational outcomes through the mediating variables of job satisfaction and commitment. The findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of effective nursing leadership in improving healthcare delivery.
Childhood development in the 21st century: The role of tech-nology in health and technology-based education in Nigeria
Technology is drastically changing the health sector and education landscape, generating new opportunities, introducing new applications, and rejuvenating or reinventing classical technologies for childhood development. Understanding the role of technology in health and education is crucial to the development of a child. This paper am at examining the perceptions of health workers and teachers on the role of technology in health and education and whether such role (s) can promote childhood development. A total of 22 participants (10 health workers and 12 teachers) were involved in the study and were sampled using propulsive sampling procedure. A survey research design methodology was used with the average reliability coefficients for the two structured questionnaires stood at 0.79 and 0.74. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result reveals that technology plays a significant role in healthcare and education and promotes childhood development to a very high extent. Specifically, in health, technology improves the dissemination of health information, facilitates public discourse and dialogue around medical health, and enables remote consultation, diagnosis among others. While, in education, technology helps students learn much better, improves communication and collaboration, provides teachers with more resources and allows children to learn at their own pace among others. Despite the positive roles of technology, the study indicates that must health workers and teachers in Nigeria do not frequently utilize technology tools in their healthcare delivery and the classroom for child’s development. This research provides an up-to-date picture of the situation in Nigeria notwithstanding the challenges faced. However, health and education administrators should investigate the non-frequent use of technology by health and teachers to mitigate it negative effect on young children.
Translanguaging Pedagogies in Digital Learning Environments: Fostering Multilingual Competence Among Generation Z Learners
This paper examines the implementation of translanguaging pedagogies within digital learning environments and their effectiveness in developing multilingual competence among Generation Z learners. Through a mixed-methods study involving 186 students and 14 educators across six higher education institutions, this research investigates how strategic integration of translanguaging practices in digital spaces supports linguistic flexibility, metalinguistic awareness, and cross-cultural competence. Findings reveal that digitally-mediated translanguaging approaches resulted in significant improvements in learners' willingness to communicate across languages (p<.01), metalinguistic awareness (p<.001), and cross-cultural communication efficacy (p<.01) compared to monolingual instructional approaches. The research further identifies five key digital translanguaging strategies that effectively leverage Generation Z's technological aptitude and multimodal literacy. This study contributes to the growing field of multilingual digital pedagogy by demonstrating how translanguaging can be systematically integrated into digital learning environments to foster linguistic repertoire expansion that aligns with the communicative needs of increasingly globalized contexts. The pedagogical framework presented offers practical guidance for educators seeking to implement translanguaging approaches in various digital learning modalities while accommodating Generation Z's learning preferences and multilingual development.
Enhancing Community Participation in Regional Development Planning Through a Bottom-Up Approach
This study examines strategies for enhancing community participation in regional development planning by implementing bottom-up approaches. As democratic governance evolves, the need for meaningful citizen engagement in development planning becomes increasingly critical for ensuring sustainable and equitable outcomes. This research analyzes the effectiveness of participatory planning mechanisms, identifies barriers to community engagement, and proposes innovative strategies for strengthening bottom-up development planning processes. Using a comparative case study methodology across six regional governments, this study evaluates various participatory instruments including citizen forums, participatory budgeting, community mapping, and digital engagement platforms. The findings reveal that successful bottom-up planning requires institutional commitment, capacity building, cultural sensitivity, and sustained dialogue between government and communities. The study provides a framework for designing and implementing effective participatory planning systems that genuinely incorporate community voices in regional development decisions.
Digital Transformation of Health Services in Indonesia Through the Utilization of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Telemedicine: Systematic Literature Review-VOSviewer
Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context.
Relationship between the Use of Hormonal Contraception and Spotting Incidents in the Sonuo Village Health Center Area
The use of hormonal contraception is a common method used by women of childbearing age to prevent pregnancy. However, this method is often associated with side effects, one of which is spotting or light bleeding outside the menstrual cycle. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting in the Sonuo Village Health Center area. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 37 respondents selected by total sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with the help of SPSS software. The results showed that the majority of respondents used injectable contraception (62.2%), followed by implants (24.3%) and pills (13.5%). Most injectable users experienced spotting (82.6%), while implant users more often experienced amenorrhea (77.8%). The chi-square test showed a significant relationship between the type of hormonal contraception and the incidence of spotting (p-value = 0.000). The conclusion of this study is that the type of hormonal contraception affects the incidence of spotting, where injectables cause spotting more often than other methods. Education about the side effects of hormonal contraception needs to be increased so that users can choose a method that suits their body condition.
Determinants of Health Data Utilization by Posyandu Cadres for Toddlers as a Stunting Prevention Effort in Geneng Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency
Stunting remains one of the major public health issues at the national level in Indonesia. As an archipelagic country, Indonesia faces unique challenges in tackling stunting, particularly in regions with limited access to healthcare services. Advances in information technology offer new opportunities to support stunting prevention efforts, including through the utilization of health data. Such data can be used to detect stunting risks early and to monitor children's nutritional status more effectively. The use of health data applications or systems by Posyandu cadres is influenced by various factors, including availability of time, cost, level of trust, and perceptions of ease of use and usefulness. This study aims to identify the determinants of health data utilization by Posyandu cadres for toddlers as a stunting prevention effort in Geneng Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency. This research is an analytical quantitative study with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 80 Posyandu cadres for toddlers in Geneng Subdistrict was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression tests to identify the factors influencing the use of health data in stunting prevention. The results show that the significant determinants include the age of the Posyandu cadre, their education level, and the amount of time they dedicate to Posyandu activities. The determinants of age, education level, and time significantly influence the utilization of health data and thereby affect the optimization of stunting prevention. Strengthening cadre capacity in these aspects is necessary to support more effective stunting prevention.
Implementing the 2030 Bilingual Education Policy in Indonesian Private Schools: A Case Study of Santo Yoseph Catholic High School
Since the launch of the “Bilingual Policy for all schools supported by Yayasan Pendidikan Katolik (YPK) Don Bosco KAM in 2030,” schools have debated its impact. Teachers of non-English subject express concern about adapting, while parents fear their children may struggle with bilingual instruction. This study investigates how students, teachers, parents, and staff at Private Senior High School of Santo Yoseph Medan perceive the Bilingual education policy decided by YPK Don Bosco KAM in 2030. The research explores key concerns: the necessity of the policy, its effect on local languages, feasibility by 2030, budget sufficiency, availability of qualified teachers, and whether non-English subject teachers can teach bilingually. A questionnaire with seven questions was distributed to 40 participants in Indonesian and later translated into English. Results show 60% believe bilingual education is essential, 10% disagree, 25% are uncertain, and 5% have no opinion. While over half support the policy, challenges remain, including limited funding, a shortage of trained bilingual teachers, and the need for more English classes and learning materials. Successful implementation requires the Don Bosco Catholic Education Foundation to increase funding and address these challenges to ensure smooth integration of bilingual education by 2030.
Stroke Disease Prediction Using Support Vector Machine Method
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death globally and is particularly prevalent in Indonesia. Early prediction of stroke is critical to reducing the risk of long-term disability and mortality. This study aims to build a stroke prediction model using the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification method. The dataset used is sourced from Kaggle, containing 5,110 records with class imbalance. To address the imbalance, the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) was applied during preprocessing. The study evaluates model performance across multiple data splits (70:30, 80:20, 90:10) and k-fold cross-validation values (k=5, 7, 10). The SVM was tested with various kernel types—linear, polynomial, and radial basis function (RBF)—along with parameter tuning for C, gamma, and degree. The results show that the polynomial kernel yielded the highest prediction accuracy of 92%. The model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics.
Perspektif Qur'anic Perspectives on Digital Health Ethics and Artificial Intelligence
The digital revolution in global health presents great opportunities and challenges through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), big data and telemedicine. However, the absence of a transcendent ethical foundation in the development of medical technology risks undermining human values and justice. This study aims to critically examine the direction of digital health development by integrating the ethical and spiritual values of the Qur'an. The method used is a critical qualitative approach based on library research, with normative analysis of verses related to health principles, information ethics, and maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. The results of the study show that in QS. Al-Isrā': 70 emphasizes human dignity as the basis for medical data protection; likewise in QS. Al-Syu'arā': 80 emphasizes that healing is divine and should not be separated from spiritual values; while in QS. Al-Baqarah: 286 provides guidance on the limits of responsibility and human capabilities in the utilization of technology. The critical discussion underlines the importance of building Qur'anic-based digital ethics that emphasize justice ('adālah), trustworthiness, and compassion (raḥmah) in designing equitable and inclusive artificial intelligence (AI) systems and remote health services. It is hoped that this study will provide recommendations for the development of Qur'anic Digital Ethics as a future normative framework for global digital health innovation.
The Future of Digital Health: Integrating AI, Big Data, and Telemedicine in Global Healthcare
The global healthcare landscape is undergoing a digital transformation, driven by the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, and Telemedicine. These technologies have become essential not only in addressing immediate clinical demands but also in shaping long-term system-wide reforms. However, digital health adoption remains uneven across countries, influenced by variations in infrastructure, policy frameworks, and socioeconomic conditions. This study aims to explore how the integration of AI, Big Data, and Telemedicine contributes to healthcare system transformation through a comparative qualitative-descriptive analysis of four countries: the United States, India, Indonesia, and Rwanda. Secondary data were collected from peer-reviewed journals, government reports, and institutional publications from 2019 to 2024. Thematic analysis focused on policy direction, infrastructure readiness, implementation models, and observed outcomes. Findings reveal that while the U.S. leads with private-sector-driven innovation, India emphasizes national-scale integration, Indonesia navigates digital transformation in a geographically dispersed setting, and Rwanda demonstrates scalable solutions in low-resource environments. Despite different contexts, common challenges include interoperability gaps, ethical data governance, and disparities in digital literacy. The study synthesizes strategic insights and highlights the importance of inclusive, adaptable, and well-regulated digital ecosystems. It concludes that successful digital health implementation depends not only on technology, but also on governance, investment, and equity-focused design.
Analytical Method Validation of Sildenafil Citrate and Caffeine in Herbal Medicine for Increasing Stamina using Thin Layer Chromatography - Densitometry
Traditional medicine has been believed for generations to be effective in treating various diseases and is recognized for its safety. One reason people opt for herbal medicine is its affordability compared to chemical drugs. Additionally, herbal medicine is required to be free of medicinal chemicals (BKO). However, a public warning issued between 2020 and 2025 indicated that some herbal preparations still contained substances like sildenafil citrate and caffeine. The aim of this research is to establish a validated analytical method to detect the presence of sildenafil citrate and caffeine in stamina-enhancing herbal medicines using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) with densitometry. This method was selected due to its cost-effectiveness and its ability to separate two compounds. In this study, category II validation was conducted to identify impurities in the preparations, focusing on test parameters such as selectivity and Limit of Detection (LOD). The selected mobile phase for this study was a mixture of chloroform and ethanol (9.5:0.5 v/v). The TLC plate was analyzed with a densitometer at a wavelength of 254 nm. The Rf value for sildenafil citrate was found to be 0.32, while the Rf value for caffeine was 0.52, resulting in a separation (Rs) value of 2. The LOD for sildenafil citrate was determined to be 8.5418 μl/ml (equivalent to 0.0854 mg in a 600 mg sample), whereas the LOD for caffeine was 4.7987 μl/ml (or 0.0959 mg in a 600 mg sample).
An Analysis of Speech Error made by Character Dory in “Finding Dory” Movie
The purpose of this study is to analyze the types and factors of speech errors that uttered by character Dory in “Finding Dory” movie. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. The source of the data is “Finding Dory” movie. Furthermore, the data was collected through watched and transcribed the utterances of Dory that indicate the speech errors. In total there are 90 data of speech errors that identified and classified based on Clark & Clark’s (1977) theory into eight types. Those are predominantly categorized as repeats with total 30 data, followed by silent pauses with 25 data, filled pause with 12 data, interjection with 9 data, unretraced false starts 5 data, retraced false starts 4 data, stutters 3 data, and correction with 2 data. The speech error in Dory’s utterances is mostly influenced by her cognitive cognition.
Analytical Method Validation of Sildenafil Citrate and Caffeine in Herbal Medicine for Increasing Stamina using Thin Layer Chromatography – Densitometry
Traditional medicine has been trusted for generations as an effective remedy for various health conditions and is widely recognized for its safety when compared to synthetic pharmaceuticals. One of the main reasons individuals choose herbal medicines is their relative affordability and the perception that they are free from harmful chemical additives. However, recent public warnings issued between 2020 and 2025 have revealed the presence of hazardous medicinal chemicals (Bahan Kimia Obat/BKO) such as sildenafil citrate and caffeine in some stamina-enhancing herbal products. This study aims to develop and validate an analytical method using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) coupled with densitometry for the detection of sildenafil citrate and caffeine in herbal medicines. The method was chosen due to its simplicity, low operational cost, and ability to effectively separate these two compounds. A category II validation was performed to determine the presence of impurities, with a focus on parameters including selectivity and the Limit of Detection (LOD). The mobile phase employed was a combination of chloroform and ethanol (9.5:0.5 v/v), and detection was carried out at 254 nm using a densitometer. The TLC results showed that sildenafil citrate and caffeine had Rf values of 0.32 and 0.52, respectively, with a resolution (Rs) of 2, indicating a good separation. The LOD for sildenafil citrate was 8.5418 μl/ml (0.0854 mg per 600 mg sample), while the LOD for caffeine was 4.7987 μl/ml (0.0959 mg per 600 mg sample). These findings highlight the importance of routine quality control testing to ensure the safety and authenticity of herbal medicines in the market.
Digital Transformation of Health Services in Indonesia through the Utilization of Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Telemedicine: Systematic Literature Review-VOSviewer
Indonesia's healthcare system continues to face significant challenges in delivering equitable services across diverse and remote regions. The digital transformation of healthcare—through the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, and telemedicine—offers promising solutions to overcome disparities in access, infrastructure, and service delivery. This study aims to comprehensively analyze global and national research trends related to the digital transformation of healthcare using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, supported by bibliometric analysis through the VOSviewer software. Following the PRISMA protocol, a total of 30 relevant articles published between 2020 and 2025 were identified and analyzed. The network and overlay visualizations generated reveal four major thematic clusters: digital transformation and service quality, big data and pandemic response, AI and data privacy, and community engagement in digital health services. Overlay visualization also shows a clear shift in research focus—from early pandemic responses toward system optimization, ethical governance, and technological inclusivity in recent years. The findings highlight that digital healthcare transformation has increasingly evolved from emergency responses to COVID-19 into a strategic framework for long-term system improvement. Moreover, AI and big data have played pivotal roles in enhancing diagnostics, predicting outbreaks, and improving resource allocation. However, concerns related to privacy, digital literacy, and unequal technological access remain prominent. The study concludes that the integration of AI, big data, and telemedicine not only enhances healthcare efficiency but also requires strong regulatory frameworks, infrastructure readiness, and public engagement. Future research should incorporate co-citation and cross-country comparative analyses to enrich the understanding of digital health transformation in a global context, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Indonesia.
Salty Food Consumption and Its Association with Chronic Kidney Disease Among Older Adults in Indonesia: Findings from the 2023 National Health Survey
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an escalating public health issue, particularly among the elderly. High salt intake is a modifiable dietary risk factor suspected to accelerate CKD progression. However, large-scale evidence from Indonesia remains scarce. This study investigates the association between salty food consumption and CKD among older adults in Indonesia. Using data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey (Survei Kesehatan Indonesia/SKI 2023), we analyzed 97,339 individuals aged 60 and above. Descriptive statistics outlined participant characteristics, while chi-square tests and binary logistic regression assessed associations and adjusted effects. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA 14.1, with significance set at p < 0.05. Among participants, 89.3% reported consuming salty foods, and CKD prevalence was 0.5%. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between CKD and sex, education, and salty food intake (p < 0.001). Multivariate results indicated that elderly individuals who did not consume salty food had significantly reduced odds of CKD (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.54–0.90; p = 0.006), suggesting a protective effect. These findings highlight a strong association between salty food consumption and CKD risk in Indonesia’s aging population. Reducing dietary salt intake may serve as an effective, low-cost intervention for CKD prevention. Urgent public health strategies focusing on dietary behavior change and nutrition education for the elderly are needed to curb the rising burden of kidney disease.
Fatty Food Consumption and Stroke Risk Among Older Adults in Indonesia: Analysis of the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey
In Indonesia, stroke is the leading cause of illness and death among the elderly. Dietary habits, especially fatty food intake, have been identified as changeable risk factors. Nonetheless, there is a scarcity of national data on this relationship among older Indonesian adults. This study sought to investigate the relationship between fatty food intake and stroke occurrence in elderly Indonesians, utilizing data from the 2023 Indonesian Health Survey (Survey Kesehatan Indonesia or SKI). This cross-sectional study was performed using secondary data from SKI 2023, encompassing 97,339 participants aged 60 years and above. The primary outcome was whether a stroke diagnosis was present (yes/no) and the key independent variable was the consumption of fatty foods (yes/no). Additional variables considered were age, gender, education, marital status, employment, residence, and alcohol use. Weighted descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regression were conducted using STATA 14.1, with sampling weights applied. The stroke prevalence among elderly participants was 3.2%. The bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between fatty food consumption and stroke (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression showed that elderly individuals who avoided fatty foods had a notably reduced risk of stroke (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.45–0.58, p < 0.001). Alcohol consumption also had a protective effect (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.12–0.43, p < 0.001). There is a significant association between fatty food consumption and stroke among the elderly population in Indonesia. Public health strategies encouraging healthier eating habits could potentially lower the stroke risk in this susceptible group
Exploring 4-7-8 Breathing for Stress Relief and Improved Quality of Life in Chronic and Degenerative Diseases: A Scoping Review
Chronic and degenerative diseases have a profound effect on patients' overall well-being, often accompanied by psychological distress such as anxiety and chronic stress. While pharmacological treatments are commonly used, they may have limitations, including accessibility issues and side effects, which have prompted interest in non-pharmacological interventions. This scoping review aims to systematically map and synthesize the empirical evidence on the physiological and psychological effects of the 4-7-8 breathing technique, a structured slow-breathing method that involves inhaling for 4 seconds, holding the breath for 7 seconds, and exhaling for 8 seconds. The review adhered to PRISMA-ScR guidelines and included 15 studies published between 2013 and 2024. These studies examined diverse populations and employed various methodological approaches. The findings were categorized into five major themes: (1) the 4-7-8 technique's effectiveness in reducing stress and anxiety, (2) improvements in cardiovascular markers such as heart rate variability and blood pressure, (3) its adaptability in both clinical and community-based multimodal interventions, (4) its preventive benefits for healthy individuals, and (5) its impact on parasympathetic activity via vagal pathways, enhancing autonomic regulation and emotional stability. The technique is supported by both theoretical and empirical evidence, positioning it as an accessible, low-cost psychoregulatory intervention. The results suggest that the 4-7-8 breathing technique could play a key role in holistic nursing care, health education, and public health promotion strategies, offering a simple yet effective approach to managing stress, improving mental health, and enhancing cardiovascular health. Future studies could explore long-term benefits and its integration into more diverse health interventions.
Analysis of Factors Influencing the Incidence of Labor Complications in the Era of Health Digitalization in Malang Regency
The incidence of labor complications is one of the main challenges in maternal health. With the rapid development of digital technology, many health facilities have begun to integrate digital systems into health services. According to data from the Ministry of Health, the number of labor complications is still high, especially in areas with limited access to quality health facilities. Various factors, such as maternal age, nutritional status, education, and access to health services, contribute to the risk of complications that can endanger the health of mothers and babies.Objective: This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the incidence of childbirth complications in the era of health digitalization.Method: This type of research uses a quantitative approach with the Cross-Sectional Survey method. The population in this study were mothers who gave birth in health facilities in Malang Regency. The research sample was taken using a purposive sampling technique, which included pregnant women with a history of childbirth complications and the use of digital health services in the period 2023-2024. Sample: A total of 50 pregnant women were taken. The results of this study indicate a significant relationship between sociodemographic factors and the incidence of childbirth complications in Malang Regency, with a p value = 0.030 (p <0.05). This finding is in line with various previous studies that identified education, maternal age, age of marriage, and parity as important determinants of the incidence of childbirth complications. These findings confirm that although digital technology is increasingly developing in health services, fundamental factors such as maternal sociodemographic characteristics remain important determinants of the incidence of childbirth complications.
The Effectivity of Prenatal Massage Therapy in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy on Back Pain Complaints
Back pain is a common complaint among pregnant women, particularly during the third trimester, due to physiological changes such as increased body weight, shifting of the body’s center of gravity, and hormonal influences that loosen ligaments, as well as biomechanical changes in posture and gait. If not managed properly, back pain can negatively affect maternal comfort, mobility, and quality of life during pregnancy. One non-pharmacological method that has been shown to alleviate such discomfort is prenatal massage, which aims to reduce muscle tension, improve circulation, and promote relaxation. This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal massage on back pain in third-trimester pregnancy at PHC Bulango. A quantitative approach was applied using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. A total of 30 pregnant women in their third trimester participated as respondents, selected based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected through observation and structured interviews using a standardized pain scale to measure back pain intensity before and after the intervention. Prenatal massage was administered following recommended maternal health protocols to ensure safety and comfort. Data analysis was performed using the paired t-test to compare mean pain scores before and after the intervention. The results showed a statistically significant reduction in pain levels, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that prenatal massage had a meaningful effect in alleviating back pain among participants. The findings support the conclusion that prenatal massage is an effective, safe, and easily applicable non-pharmacological intervention for reducing back pain in third-trimester pregnant women. Based on these results, prenatal massage can be recommended as a complementary practice in antenatal care services to enhance maternal comfort and well-being during pregnancy, alongside other supportive health interventions.
The Relationship Between Breastfeeding Mothers' Knowledge and the Provision of MP-ASI in Infants
Complementary feeding is an important stage in infant growth and development. Lack of maternal knowledge regarding the appropriate timing and type of complementary feeding can have a negative impact on infant nutritional status, including the risk of malnutrition and stunting. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding mothers' knowledge and infants' complementary feeding practices. This study used a cross-sectional design with a sample size of 25 mothers selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through a questionnaire that measured mothers' knowledge level about complementary feeding and their feeding practices. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank test using SPSS version 22, with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the majority of mothers were 20-35 years old (48%) and had primary education (68%). A total of 44% of mothers had a low level of knowledge about complementary feeding, and 55% of mothers gave complementary feeding before the baby was 6 months old. Spearman correlation analysis showed a weak association between mothers' knowledge level and complementary feeding practices (p = 0.078; r = 0.359). Although not statistically significant, the direction of the association suggests that the better the mothers' knowledge, the more likely they are to provide complementary foods as recommended. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of educational interventions to improve mothers' understanding of complementary feeding to reduce inappropriate feeding practices. Community-based education programs can be an effective strategy to increase maternal awareness and ensure appropriate complementary feeding for infants.
Effect of Giving Salam Leaf Water Decoction on Blood Pressure in Pregnant Women with Hypertension in Puskesmas Murung Pudak
Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Risk factors such as parity, age, and level of knowledge of pregnant women can contribute to the incidence of hypertension, including Severe Pre-Eclampsia (PEB). This study aims to analyze the relationship between parity and the incidence of PEB in pregnant women. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 20 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire and blood pressure measurements before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed with the Shapiro-Wilk test for data normality and the Spearman test to measure the relationship between variables. The results showed that all respondents were in the age range of 20-35 years, with a balanced distribution of parity between primigravida and multigravida. The average blood pressure before the intervention was 162.75 mmHg, indicating hypertension, while after the intervention it decreased to 114.55 mmHg. In addition, there was a significant increase in knowledge level after the intervention (p=0.000). Analysis showed that parity had a correlation with the incidence of PEB, where primigravida had a higher tendency to develop hypertension than multigravida. Demographic factors such as education level and occupation also play a role in increasing pregnant women's knowledge and awareness of the risk of PEB. The conclusion of this study is that educational interventions are effective in increasing the knowledge of pregnant women and contributing to lower blood pressure. In addition, parity can be a risk factor in the incidence of PEB so prevention efforts are needed through education and regular pregnancy monitoring.
Exploring How Cognitive Skills, Experience, and Motivation Drive Resilience in Community Health Volunteers Implementing Post-Pandemic Posyandu in Rural Indonesia
Posyandu is a community-based health program managed by and for the community, aiming to strengthen local health systems and facilitate access to essential health services. The temporary disruption of Posyandu services during the COVID-19 pandemic has had adverse effects on vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and toddlers, highlighting the importance of resilient volunteer performance post-pandemic. This study aims to examine the correlation between post-pandemic competence and the implementation of the five main activities by Posyandu volunteers in Malang, Indonesia. Utilizing a quantitative correlational research design, the study involved a total sample of 123 Posyandu volunteers from two villages in Malang. Data collection was conducted over July to August 2023. The findings indicate a statistically significant but weak positive correlation between volunteer knowledge and motivation, with a p-value of 0.007 and a correlation coefficient of 0.242. This suggests that while increased knowledge is associated with higher motivation levels, the strength of this relationship is limited. Further analysis assessed the relationship between length of service and volunteer motivation, revealing no significant correlation (p = 0.675, r = -0.038). These results imply that the duration of volunteer service does not influence motivational levels among Posyandu volunteers. Given these findings, enhancing volunteers’ knowledge through regular training and refresher programs is essential to maintain motivation and improve service delivery. The study recommends continuous capacity-building efforts to empower Posyandu volunteers, thereby ensuring effective implementation of health activities post-pandemic. Future research should investigate additional factors that may affect volunteer motivation, such as social support, recognition, and workload. Understanding these dimensions can further strengthen Posyandu programs and support the vulnerable community members they serve.
The Association Body Mass Index with the Incidence of Anaemia Among Students
Anaemia among teenagers is a significant public health concern that can adversely affect their quality of life, cognitive function, and academic performance. Nutritional status, commonly assessed using Body Mass Index (BMI), is suspected to influence the risk of developing anaemia. This study aims to analyse the relationship between BMI and the incidence of anaemia among students at Senior High School II Rilamuta. The primary objective is to determine whether there is a statistically significant association between BMI and anaemia occurrence in this population. A quantitative correlational research design was employed, involving a purposive sample of 30 students. Data collection comprised measuring each student’s BMI and examining haemoglobin levels to assess anaemia status. The BMI was calculated based on height and weight measurements, while haemoglobin concentrations were measured using standard clinical laboratory techniques. Statistical analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test to evaluate the strength and direction of the relationship between BMI and anaemia incidence.The results revealed a significant positive correlation between BMI and anaemia, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.746 and a p-value of 0.000, indicating strong statistical significance. This finding suggests that students with higher BMI tend to have a lower risk of anaemia, highlighting the protective role of adequate nutritional status. The study confirms that BMI is a relevant factor in predicting anaemia risk among teenagers. Based on these findings, the study recommends promoting healthy nutritional habits and improving nutritional status as crucial strategies to prevent anaemia in school-aged adolescents. School health programs should emphasize balanced diets and nutritional education to address this issue effectively. Future research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is encouraged to further explore causal relationships and additional factors influencing anaemia in this population.
Relationship Between Low Birth Weight and Pregnant Women's HB Results
Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the main risk factors that contribute to neonatal morbidity and mortality. One of the factors that can affect the incidence of LBW is the hemoglobin (Hb) level of pregnant women. Pregnant women with low Hb levels (anemia) have a higher risk of giving birth to low birth weight babies. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between Hb levels of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW at the Motolohu Health Center, Rancangan District, Pohuwato Regency, Gorontalo Province. This study aims to determine the relationship between Hb levels of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW at Motolohu Health Center. This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional study design. The sample in this study amounted to 30 respondents selected using purposive sampling techniques. Data were collected through medical records and structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between maternal Hb levels and the incidence of LBW, with a p-value of 0.000 (p ≤ 0.05). This indicates that pregnant women with low Hb levels are at higher risk of giving birth to low birth weight babies compared to mothers with normal Hb levels. There is a significant relationship between maternal Hb levels and the incidence of LBW. Low Hb levels in pregnant women can increase the risk of delivery with low birth weight, so more attention is needed to nutritional intake and iron supplementation during pregnancy.
Relationship Between Husband's Support and the Completeness of Basic Immunization
Immunization is one of the most important health activities necessary for improving children's health, helping prevent various infectious diseases. Despite its crucial role, many children still miss out on receiving complete basic immunization, a concerning public health issue. Among the various factors influencing the successful implementation of immunization programs, the support of family members, particularly husbands, plays a critical role. This study aims to explore the relationship between the support provided by husbands and the basic immunization status of children. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was employed in this study. The sample consisted of 40 respondents, selected through purposive sampling. The study used the Chi-Square test for data analysis to determine any significant associations between the variables. The results indicate a significant relationship between husband support and the basic immunization status, with a p-value of 0.02. The findings suggest that social support, especially from husbands, is essential in encouraging mothers to ensure their children receive complete immunization. The support not only involves emotional and informational backing but also practical assistance, such as accompanying the mother to health facilities or assisting in scheduling appointments. By involving husbands in the immunization process, mothers may experience less stress and greater encouragement, leading to higher rates of immunization compliance. These results emphasize the importance of engaging family members, particularly husbands, in health initiatives aimed at improving child health outcomes. Public health programs should consider strategies to enhance family involvement, particularly targeting husbands, to achieve better immunization rates and, consequently, improved public health among children
Exploring the Connection Between Breastfeeding Practices and Milk Production Levels in New Mothers
The World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, and the Ministry of Health strongly advocate for the initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour after birth, exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months, and continued breastfeeding up to two years alongside safe and nutritious complementary feeding. Despite these recommendations, one of the main barriers to achieving exclusive breastfeeding is insufficient breast milk production. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding frequency and milk production adequacy among postpartum mothers. To achieve this, an analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted, involving 38 participants. Data was collected through questionnaires that assessed breastfeeding patterns, milk production, and other related factors. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine any significant associations. The univariate analysis revealed that the majority of postpartum mothers (60.5%) reported irregular breastfeeding patterns, and more than half (55.3%) of the participants stated that they experienced inadequate milk production. Further analysis through bivariate tests showed a significant association between the frequency of breastfeeding and the adequacy of milk production, with a p-value of 0.003. This suggests that mothers who breastfeed more regularly may experience better milk production, which can contribute to healthier infant nutrition. These findings highlight the importance of encouraging regular breastfeeding practices in the early postpartum period to enhance milk supply. Improving awareness and providing support for mothers in establishing a consistent breastfeeding routine could play a crucial role in overcoming challenges related to inadequate milk production and achieving the recommended exclusive breastfeeding practices. Further research may be needed to explore other factors that contribute to successful breastfeeding and milk production.
Relationship Between Pregnant Mothers' Nutritional Status and the Event of Malnutrition in Babys
The nutritional status of pregnant women, assessed using the Upper Arm Circumference (LILA), plays a crucial role in fetal growth and birth outcomes. Inadequate maternal nutrition can lead to low birth weight, which increases the risk of stunting a condition characterized by a height-for-age (TB/U) less than -2 SD. Stunting is associated with a fourfold increase in child mortality under five years old, highlighting its significant impact on public health. This quantitative case-control study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal nutritional status during pregnancy and the incidence of stunting in toddlers. The study was conducted from August 25, 2024, to January 24, 2025, at Gogagoman Health Center in Kotamobagu City. A total of 60 toddlers participated, with 30 stunted toddlers (case group) and 30 non-stunted toddlers (control group). Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires, medical records, and microtoise measurements. The study employed univariate and bivariate data analysis, using a chi-square test to explore the association between maternal nutritional status and stunting incidence. The results indicated that the majority of respondents had adequate (non-KEK) maternal nutritional status. Specifically, 40% of mothers in the stunted group were classified as non-KEK, while 83.3% of mothers in the non-stunted group were in the same category. A statistically significant association was found between maternal nutritional status and the incidence of stunting, with a p-value of 0.010. These findings underscore the importance of improving maternal nutrition to prevent stunting and its associated risks. The study recommends collaborative efforts between health centers and local governments to provide targeted nutrition education and support for pregnant women and women of reproductive age, aiming to reduce stunting incidence and improve child health outcomes.
Relationship Between 3-Month Injection Contraception and Breast Milk Production
Exclusive breastfeeding is a practice where infants are fed only breast milk, without additional food, drink, or water, for the first six months of life. This practice is crucial for the infant’s growth and development. One factor that may affect breast milk production is the use of contraceptives, particularly the 3-month injection. This study aims to determine the relationship between the use of 3-month injections and the adequacy of exclusive breast milk production in mothers of children aged 7 to 23 months. A cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing both primary and secondary data. The sample consisted of 72 mothers with children aged 7–23 months, of whom some used 3-month contraceptive injections and others did not. The data collected from the participants included their contraceptive usage and breast milk production status. The results showed that 29 out of 36 mothers (80.6%) who used 3-month injections still produced adequate amounts of breast milk. A bivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the use of 3-month injections and the adequacy of exclusive breast milk production, with a p-value of 0.039. This finding suggests that, while most mothers who use 3-month injections still have sufficient breast milk production, there is a clear relationship between the use of contraceptive injections and the adequacy of milk. It is important to note that while the majority of mothers on 3-month injections maintained adequate milk production, the choice of contraceptive method during breastfeeding should still be carefully considered. Health workers play a vital role in providing guidance to ensure the best choice of contraception for breastfeeding mothers to support both maternal and infant health.
Factors Influencing the Incidence of Stunting in Children at Tilamuta Community Health Center
Stunting is a major health concern in many developing countries, including Indonesia, with profound long-term effects on children’s physical, cognitive, and emotional development. This condition is primarily influenced by factors such as malnutrition, infections, and inadequate care during the first few years of life. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors associated with stunting in children under five years old within the working area of Puskesmas Tilamuta. An analytical survey design was employed, using a cross-sectional approach to examine 54 children, who were selected using accidental sampling. Data collection involved assessing factors such as exclusive breastfeeding, complementary feeding practices (MP-ASI), and low birth weight (BBLR). Statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test with Fisher's exact test to determine the association between these factors and stunting. The results revealed that exclusive breastfeeding had a significant impact on the occurrence of stunting, with a p-value of 0.002, suggesting that children who were exclusively breastfed were less likely to experience stunting. Similarly, the provision of complementary feeding (MP-ASI) was significantly associated with stunting (p = 0.043), highlighting the importance of timely and adequate complementary feeding to prevent stunting. However, the factor of low birth weight (BBLR) was found to have no significant effect on stunting (p = 0.202), indicating that other factors, such as nutrition and feeding practices, may have a more direct influence on stunting in the studied population. This study underscores the critical role of exclusive breastfeeding and proper complementary feeding practices in preventing stunting. It also suggests that addressing these factors, along with other local health interventions, may help reduce the incidence of stunting in children under five years old in the area.
Relationship Between Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Iron Tablets and Adherence to Iron Tablet Consumption at Saritani Health Center
Anemia is a common condition among pregnant women, often caused by insufficient iron intake or poor absorption due to digestive issues. This condition can have serious implications for both maternal and fetal health. The primary objective of this study was to explore the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge about iron tablets and their adherence to the prescribed regimen at Saritani Health Center. This study utilized a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The population for this study consisted of all pregnant women visiting Saritani Health Center, with a sample size of 78 women selected through purposive sampling, based on predetermined inclusion criteria. The study’s findings indicated that the majority of respondents had a sufficient level of knowledge regarding the importance of iron tablets. A statistical analysis using the Spearman Rank test revealed a very strong correlation between the level of knowledge about iron tablets and adherence to their consumption, with a correlation coefficient of rs = 0.812 and a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). This suggests that the higher the level of knowledge about iron tablets among pregnant women, the greater their compliance with taking these supplements. The study also found that while most respondents had sufficient knowledge about iron tablets, their compliance was moderate, which highlights the importance of ongoing education and support. The results of this study emphasize the critical role that knowledge plays in improving compliance with iron supplementation among pregnant women. Health education initiatives targeting pregnant women should focus on increasing awareness and understanding of the benefits of iron supplementation to prevent anemia and its associated risks. This study calls for enhanced counseling and educational efforts at the community health level to ensure better maternal health outcomes.
Relationship Between Pregnant Women's Knowledge of Danger Signs and Compliance with Antenatal Care at Ternate City Health Center
Pregnancy is a critical period that begins with conception and lasts until the birth of the fetus, typically lasting about 280 days. Adequate antenatal care (ANC) is essential to ensure the healthy development of the fetus and to identify potential complications early. One of the most important factors contributing to maternal and fetal health is the level of knowledge pregnant women have regarding pregnancy-related danger signs. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their compliance with attending ANC visits at the Ternate City Health Center. This research employed a qualitative design with a cross-sectional approach to examine the knowledge and compliance of pregnant women within the area. A total sampling technique was used, where the sample size was equivalent to the population size. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine any significant relationships between the variables. The results of the analysis showed a significant relationship between the pregnant women’s knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and their adherence to ANC visits. The statistical analysis indicated a p-value of 0.003 (p < 0.05), demonstrating a strong correlation between the two factors. This finding highlights the importance of educating pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy, as better awareness may lead to higher rates of ANC attendance. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the role of healthcare providers in disseminating critical information to expectant mothers, ensuring they recognize the importance of timely ANC visits. In conclusion, increasing knowledge about pregnancy-related danger signs among pregnant women is crucial for improving maternal health outcomes and promoting better compliance with ANC visits, ultimately leading to healthier pregnancies.
Pregnant Women's Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Antenatal Care (ANC) Services at Siko Public Health Center
Antenatal care (ANC) is critical for ensuring the health and well-being of pregnant women and their fetuses, particularly in reducing maternal mortality rates, which remain high in Indonesia. One of the contributing factors to this issue is a lack of knowledge and non-compliance with ANC visits. The goal of this study is to examine the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards ANC services at Puskesmas Siko, a health center located in Indonesia. The study used a descriptive quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. A sample of 34 pregnant women was selected using purposive sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess their knowledge and attitudes regarding ANC services. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test. The results indicated a significant relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge and their adherence to ANC visits, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). Similarly, the study found a significant relationship between the attitudes of pregnant women and their participation in ANC visits, with a p-value of 0.004 (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that pregnant women who possess more knowledge and have a positive attitude toward ANC are more likely to utilize these services. The study highlights the critical role that improving knowledge and attitudes plays in increasing ANC utilization, which is essential for preventing pregnancy-related complications and improving overall maternal health outcomes. Given the significant impact of ANC on reducing maternal and fetal health risks, it is crucial to implement targeted health education programs that aim to enhance pregnant women’s understanding of ANC’s importance and encourage positive attitudes towards attending these visits. The findings from this study call for greater emphasis on health education interventions that can improve the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women, thereby contributing to a reduction in maternal mortality and improved pregnancy outcomes in the region.
The Problem Management of Picky Eating in Preschool Children Based on Complementary and Alternative Therapy
Picky eating is a prevalent issue among preschool children, often leading to nutritional deficiencies, disrupted growth, and increased parental stress. This systematic literature review aims to explore the management of picky eating through complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) and compares these findings with contemporary interventions. Picky eating behaviors can significantly affect children’s eating patterns, leading to challenges in maintaining a balanced diet. Although traditional medical interventions focus on behavioral modification and nutritional counseling, many parents are seeking alternative approaches to manage these behaviors in a more holistic and natural manner. This review encompasses studies published between 2015 and 2025, sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, using keywords such as "Alternative Therapy," "Picky Eating," and "Preschool Children." The review population consists of 20 articles, and the sample includes 5 selected studies that meet the criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of complementary and alternative therapies in managing picky eating behaviors. Data analysis utilized thematic analysis, with the findings analyzed thematically to draw conclusions regarding the efficacy of CAT. The results indicated that mindfulness practices, dietary practices, Tuina massage as a traditional therapy, taste exposure, sensory learning, and nutrition education were all effective in reducing picky eating behavior among children aged 1 to 5 years. These approaches not only helped to improve children’s acceptance of a wider variety of foods but also contributed to the reduction of stress for both children and parents. The findings suggest that integrating these alternative therapies into conventional practices can provide a comprehensive and effective strategy to address picky eating in preschool children. Future research is needed to further explore the long-term impacts of these therapies and to identify the most suitable combinations for different individual needs.
Factors Associated with Giving Formula Milk to Babies Aged Between 0-6 Months
Low exclusive breastfeeding rates are often linked to the widespread use of formula milk in infants. Formula feeding cannot replace colostrum, the first milk produced after birth, which is crucial for providing infants with essential nutrients and immunity. Without colostrum, infants are at increased risk of developing diarrhea, septicemia, meningitis, and other serious health complications. Additionally, formula milk may lead to protein intolerance, which often results in allergies among infants. This study aims to identify the factors associated with formula feeding in infants aged 0-6 months. The study employed an analytic observational approach with a cross-sectional design, involving 55 mothers with infants aged 0-6 months. Participants were selected using accidental sampling. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square statistical test. The univariate analysis revealed that the majority of respondents (56.4%) had good knowledge of infant feeding practices, while 30.9% had a junior high school education. Most respondents (76.4%) were not employed, and 56.4% of mothers reported giving formula milk to their infants. The bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and formula feeding practices, but no significant relationship was found between the mother's education level or employment status and the use of formula milk. Based on these findings, it is recommended that healthcare workers play a more active role in providing education, information, and motivation to mothers, helping them understand the benefits and advantages of exclusive breastfeeding. By increasing maternal knowledge and addressing misconceptions, healthcare workers can contribute to improving exclusive breastfeeding rates and reducing the unnecessary use of formula feeding.
The Influence of Family Support and Maternal Preparedness on Anxiety in Pregnant Women Before Delivery at Bongo Nol Health Center
Anxiety in pregnant women is often characterized by intense fear or panic, and if left unaddressed, it can lead to various complications such as prolonged labor, maternal fatigue, and even labor stall. This study aimed to determine the relationship between family support and maternal preparedness with the anxiety levels of pregnant women prior to childbirth. The research utilized a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, conducted in the working area of the Bongo Nol Health Center. The study population consisted of pregnant women in their second and third trimesters (TM II and TM III). A total of 40 pregnant women participated in the study, selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires designed to assess family support, maternal preparedness, and anxiety levels. The results revealed that 20% of the pregnant women who received inadequate family support experienced severe anxiety, with a statistically significant p-value of 0.001. Similarly, 15% of mothers with lower levels of preparedness reported severe anxiety, also with a p-value of 0.001. These findings suggest a significant relationship between both family support and maternal preparedness with anxiety levels in pregnant women prior to delivery. The study concludes that increased family support and maternal readiness can help reduce anxiety levels in pregnant women, particularly in the lead-up to childbirth. Healthcare providers should prioritize interventions to strengthen family involvement and support maternal readiness, especially for women at risk of high anxiety, to improve birth outcomes and maternal well-being. Future research should explore additional factors contributing to anxiety and the effectiveness of targeted interventions for high-risk pregnancies
The Effect of Giving Additional Food to Pregnant Women with Chronic Energy Deficiency at Ribang Community Health Center
Chronic Energy Deficiency (CHD) is a condition resulting from an imbalance in the intake of energy and protein nutrients needed by pregnant women. The impact of CHD during pregnancy can lead to severe complications, including an increased risk of maternal and infant mortality. To address this, the Supplementary Feeding Program (PMT) is often implemented to improve the nutritional intake of pregnant women. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PMT on pregnant women with SEZ (Chronic Energy Deficiency) at the Ribang Health Center. The sample consisted of 15 respondents. Data collection involved measuring the upper arm circumference (LILA) of pregnant women using a LILA tape and an observation sheet to track PMT participation. The research employed a non-equivalent quasi-experimental design, utilizing a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon statistical test to assess changes in the participants' LILA before and after the intervention. The results showed a notable improvement in the size of the upper arm circumference (LILA) in the respondents after receiving the PMT intervention. Before the intervention, 100% of the respondents had a LILA measurement of less than 23.5 cm, indicating chronic energy deficiency. After the intervention, 40% of respondents still had a LILA measurement of less than 23.5 cm, but 60% of the respondents showed a significant improvement with a LILA greater than 23.5 cm. The statistical analysis revealed a significant difference in LILA measurements before and after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.000. In conclusion, the provision of PMT has a significant positive effect on improving the nutritional status of pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency, as evidenced by the increase in their LILA measurements
Cross-National Analysis of Adolescent Mental Health : Implications for Global Educational Policies
This study presents a cross-national analysis of adolescent mental health and academic stress to explore their interrelations and broader implications for global educational policies. Using data from Bangladesh, Gambia, and Indonesia, the research examines how academic expectations, pressure to perform, and school environments affect students' psychological well-being in diverse cultural, educational, and socioeconomic contexts. The study identifies significant patterns and disparities in mental health outcomes, revealing that stress levels and psychological challenges vary significantly between countries. In Bangladesh, medical students face a critical mental health burden, with high levels of anxiety, stress, digital addiction, and sleep deprivation being common issues. This situation underscores the pressing need for mental health interventions in the education sector, particularly within high-pressure fields such as medical studies. Conversely, in Gambia, there has been a notable increase in inpatient mental health admissions, suggesting a growing awareness of mental health issues and improved access to institutional care. However, the decline in community-based mental health services presents a critical challenge, as these services are essential for sustainable mental health support outside of hospital settings. In Indonesia, while academic stress is prevalent, the focus has been on improving institutional care and psychological support for students, yet there remains a gap in addressing stressors within the school environment. This study emphasizes the urgent need for inclusive, student-centered educational reforms that prioritize mental health support systems and advocate for the integration of mental health services into educational settings. The findings suggest that global educational policies must consider these country-specific challenges and trends in order to create more balanced academic environments that foster both mental well-being and academic success
Compliance with Fe Tablet Consumption and Anemia Incidence in Pregnant Women at Tanjung Health Center
Anemia in pregnant women is a serious health concern, as red blood cells play a crucial role in delivering essential nutrients and oxygen to the developing fetus. Adequate iron intake during pregnancy is necessary, as maternal anemia is a risk factor for negative perinatal outcomes, such as low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth. Additionally, anemia during labor can lead to complications, with a 17.24% rate of bleeding directly attributed to this condition. This study aims to explore the relationship between compliance with Fe tablet consumption and the incidence of anemia among pregnant women at the Tanjung Health Center, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. An analytical survey design using a cross-sectional approach was applied, focusing on identifying relationships between two or more variables. The sampling technique employed was total sampling, involving 25 pregnant women, and data was collected using a checklist sheet. Chi-square analysis was performed using SPSS to test the data. The results showed a P-value (asymp. Sig 2-tailed) of 0.000, which is less than 0.05, indicating a significant relationship between Fe tablet consumption compliance and anemia incidence in pregnant women. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (H1) was accepted, concluding that there is a significant relationship between compliance with Fe tablet consumption and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. This finding highlights the importance of proper iron supplementation in preventing anemia and improving maternal health outcomes during pregnancy.
An Analysis of Factors Influencing Pregnant Women’s Understanding of Fe Tablet Benefits at Motoboi Kecil Health Center, Mubago City
The consumption of iron tablets (Fe) among pregnant women in 2013 reached 90.32%, an increase from 82.09% in 2011, showing an improvement of 8.23 percentage points and meeting the target of 90%. Iron tablets are essential for preventing anemia during pregnancy, which can lead to adverse outcomes such as low birth weight and premature birth. This study aims to identify various factors that may influence pregnant women's knowledge about the benefits of iron tablet consumption at the Kotamobagu Small Motoboi Health Center in Mubago City, North Sulawesi. The research employs a cross-sectional descriptive analytical approach, using univariate analysis to examine primary data collected through questionnaires. A sample of 30 pregnant women was selected incidentally for the study. The results indicated a strong correlation between pregnant women's awareness of iron tablets and several demographic and socio-economic factors. Specifically, the chi-squared test revealed significant relationships between pregnant women’s knowledge and their age (p = 0.020), education level (p = 0.020), parity (p = 0.035), and source of information (p = 0.039). These findings suggest that demographic factors such as age and education, along with access to reliable information sources, significantly contribute to the level of knowledge about iron tablet consumption. The study's findings can be used to enhance public health strategies, particularly in increasing awareness among pregnant women about the importance of consuming iron tablets to prevent anemia and improve maternal and fetal health outcomes. Educating pregnant women and providing accessible sources of information are crucial in improving Fe tablet consumption rates and reducing related health risks
The Influence of Husband's Support on Mother's Readiness for the Labor Process at TPMB Ny. Afita Delianah, Turen, Malang
Every pregnant woman requires proper care throughout her pregnancy, as it is a critical time for both the mother and the developing fetus. However, many husbands tend to leave their wives to cope on their own, especially after childbirth, not fully realizing the emotional and psychological challenges their wives face. Pregnancy often brings anxiety and fear, and during this time, a pregnant woman greatly needs support from her husband, family, and others around her. The husband’s reactions and behaviors, along with his attitude towards the pregnancy and childbirth, can significantly influence the mother’s emotional and psychological readiness for labor. A supportive husband can help reduce anxiety and increase the mother’s confidence and preparedness for the labor process. This study aims to examine the relationship between husband’s support and the mother’s readiness in facing the labor process. The research design used for this study is correlational, which aims to identify the relationship between variables. The sample for this study consisted of pregnant women attending TPMB Ny. Afita Delianah in Turen Subdistrict, Malang Regency. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. The results of the study indicated a significant relationship between husband’s support and the mother’s readiness for labor, with a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This finding underscores the importance of involving husbands in the pregnancy and labor process, as their emotional and practical support can have a profound impact on the mother’s mental and emotional state. It is essential that healthcare professionals and family members encourage and provide opportunities for husbands to actively support their wives during this critical time, as it can positively affect the overall childbirth experience
Factors Affecting the Frequency of K1 Visits for Pregnant Women in Maternal Health Programs
This study aims to identify the factors that influence the first antenatal visit (K1) among pregnant women. The study employed a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach, utilizing a total sampling technique. A total of 49 respondents, all of whom made the K1 visit, were included in the study. The variables examined in this research included maternal age, parity, and gestational age at the time of the K1 visit. Secondary data obtained from medical records were used for analysis. The results revealed that the majority of pregnant women who made the K1 visit were in the non-risk age group (20–35 years), accounting for 84% of the respondents. Regarding parity, most participants were multiparous, making up 53% of the total sample. In terms of gestational age, 43% of respondents made their K1 visit during the first trimester of pregnancy (0–12 weeks). The study found that the first antenatal visit was predominantly conducted by pregnant women in the non-risk age group (20–35 years) and the multiparous group. Additionally, the K1 visits were most frequently made when the gestational age was in the first trimester, reflecting early engagement with antenatal care. These findings highlight the importance of maternal age, parity, and gestational age in influencing the timing of the first antenatal visit, which plays a critical role in ensuring early and adequate prenatal care for pregnant women. These insights can be used to improve strategies for encouraging timely K1 visits, particularly for pregnant women who may be at risk of delayed prenatal care.
The Connection Between Parity and the Incidence of Abortion in Reproductive Health Studies
Abortion remains a significant reproductive health issue worldwide, with around 20 million cases recorded annually, leading to approximately 70,000 maternal deaths each year. In Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, approximately 4.2 million abortion cases occur annually. In Indonesia, spontaneous abortion accounts for 10-15% of all pregnancies, while induced (provoked) abortion is estimated to range from 750,000 to 1.5 million cases per year. Several factors can influence the incidence of abortion, one of which is parity the number of previous pregnancies a woman has carried to a viable gestational age. This study aims to analyze the relationship between parity and the incidence of abortion, contributing to a better understanding of how reproductive history impacts abortion rates. The research used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach, involving a sample of 122 mothers selected through simple random sampling. The findings revealed that 45.9% of the mothers had safe parity, while 54.1% had unsafe parity. Regarding the type of abortion, 97.5% of respondents experienced spontaneous abortion, while 2.5% underwent induced abortion. Data analysis was conducted using the chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05, which produced a p-value of 0.562, indicating no significant relationship between parity and the incidence of abortion. These results suggest that parity is not a significant factor influencing abortion incidence in this sample. While other factors may contribute to abortion risk, further research is needed to explore additional variables that may play a role. This study underscores the complexity of abortion incidents and highlights the need for broader investigations to understand the diverse influences on reproductive health outcomes, beyond parity alone.
The Effect of Mulberry Leaves (Morus alba L) on Blood Pressure and Proteinuria in Rattus Norvegicus Wistar Strain Pre-Eclampsia Model
Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality globally, including in Indonesia. It is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, which appear after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The pathophysiology of preeclampsia is closely linked to oxidative stress, which is caused by abnormal placentation. One promising alternative treatment for managing preeclampsia is the use of natural ingredients with antioxidant properties, such as mulberry leaves (Morus alba). These leaves contain flavonoids, such as rutin and quercetin, which are known to have antioxidant effects. This study aims to examine the effects of mulberry leaf extract on blood pressure and proteinuria levels in male Wistar rats, using a preeclampsia model. The study employed a true experimental post-test only control group design. A total of 25 pregnant rats were randomly divided into five groups: a negative control group, a positive control group (which was induced with suramin to model preeclampsia), and three treatment groups receiving mulberry leaf extract at doses of 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kgBW. Blood pressure and proteinuria levels were measured before and after 6 days of treatment. The results indicated that mulberry leaf extract significantly reduced both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and markedly lowered proteinuria levels. A significant relationship was observed between blood pressure and proteinuria (r = 0.528; p = 0.008), suggesting that the reduction in blood pressure was associated with a decrease in proteinuria. These findings suggest that mulberry leaf extract may be a promising natural complementary therapy for alleviating symptoms of preeclampsia, offering an alternative treatment approach to help manage this serious pregnancy complication. Further studies are needed to explore its potential in clinical applications.
An Experimental Analysis of Kenikir for Optimal Lactation : The Effectiveness of Cosmos Caudatus Extract on Postpartum Maternal Prolactin Hormone Levels
Insufficient milk supply is one of the primary reasons for the discontinuation of exclusive breastfeeding, which poses a significant challenge to maternal and infant health. While kenikir (Cosmos caudatus) has long been used as a traditional remedy believed to help increase breast milk production, its direct effect on lactation has not been thoroughly studied. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of kenikir extract on prolactin hormone levels in postpartum mothers, which plays a key role in milk production. This was a true experimental study utilizing a pretest-posttest control group design. Kenikir extract served as the independent variable, and prolactin hormone levels were the dependent variable. A total of 40 postpartum mothers were included in the study, randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group that received 300 mg of kenikir extract daily for 14 days, and a control group with no treatment. The study analyzed within-group changes using the Paired T-Test and Wilcoxon test, and between-group differences were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The results indicated that the intervention group experienced a significant increase in prolactin hormone levels, with an average of 44.70 ng/ml and a p-value of 0.0001. This shows that kenikir extract significantly enhances prolactin hormone secretion in postpartum mothers. These findings suggest that kenikir extract could be a promising natural remedy for increasing milk supply, offering an alternative or complementary approach to supporting lactating mothers. Further studies should be conducted to explore the long-term effects of kenikir extract on breastfeeding success and its potential role in promoting maternal and infant health.
The Connection between Maternal Knowledge and Attitude in Providing Proper Complementary Food for Infants at Ribang Health Center
Complementary foods, or MP-ASI (food for babies), play a crucial role in providing essential nutrients for infants and children to meet their growing nutritional needs. The knowledge and attitude of mothers are pivotal factors influencing children's nutrition, as a lack of understanding regarding complementary feeding often leads to malnutrition. One of the primary causes of malnutrition in infants is the improper timing of introducing complementary foods, either too early (before six months of age) or too late. This study aims to analyze the relationship between mothers' knowledge and attitudes regarding the provision of complementary feeding for infants aged 6-12 months at the Ribang Health Center, Muara Uya District, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. The study utilized univariate, bivariate, and chi-square tests to analyze the data. A total of 20 respondents were surveyed, with results indicating that 8 respondents (46.7%) had sufficient knowledge and a good attitude, while 14 respondents (70%) demonstrated a good attitude. The chi-square test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05) at α = 0.05, supporting the hypothesis that maternal knowledge is significantly related to the provision of complementary feeding. However, the bivariate analysis showed a p-value of 0.163, indicating no significant effect between maternal attitudes and the provision of complementary feeding. In conclusion, while there is a significant relationship between maternal knowledge and complementary feeding, the study found no significant association between maternal attitudes and the timing of complementary feeding based on statistical analysis. This study highlights the importance of improving maternal knowledge in the provision of complementary feeding to ensure proper infant nutrition
Relationship Between Nutritional Status and Anemia Incidence in Pregnant Women in the Second Trimester
It is crucial for individuals at all life stages—ranging from fetuses to the elderly—to receive proper nutrition for healthy development and well-being. During pregnancy, malnutrition can lead to abnormal physical development, impaired cognitive function, decreased work productivity, reduced immune resistance, and, ultimately, higher risks of illness and death. Women who maintain proper nutritional intake before conception can help prevent anemia, as the increased demand for iron during pregnancy may otherwise lead to deficiencies. This study aims to analyze the relationship between individual nutritional conditions and the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women during their second trimester in the work area of the Hikun Health Center, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. The research utilized an observational analytical approach with a cross-sectional design. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted, where univariate analysis examined the distribution of individual variables, and bivariate analysis employed the chi-square method to assess the relationship between two variables. The findings indicated that non-ideal nutritional status was associated with a decrease in anemia cases by 80.0%. However, this association was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.317). The data analysis concluded that there was no significant effect between maternal nutrition and anemia levels in pregnant women at the Hikun Health Center. These results suggest that while nutritional status is a factor in anemia prevalence, other variables may also play a role, and further research is needed to explore potential contributing factors and to refine the understanding of how nutrition, dietary habits, and lifestyle choices impact anemia in pregnant women.
The Effect of Giving Honey Lime Juice (Citrus Aurantifolia) to Nausea Vomiting in Pregnant Women with Emesis Gravidarum
Pregnancy is a natural process that many women undergo, but it is often accompanied by discomfort during antenatal visits. One of the most common symptoms during pregnancy is nausea and vomiting, known as emesis gravidarum, which typically occurs in the first trimester. Various natural remedies, such as lime extract, are believed to alleviate these symptoms. Lime, rich in essential limonin, linalool, and flavonoids, offers benefits for pregnant women by potentially relieving nausea and vomiting. Additionally, honey, when consumed during pregnancy, can support overall health and immunity. This study aims to investigate the effect of honey-lime juice (Citrus aurantifolia) on nausea and vomiting in pregnant women with emesis gravidarum at Puskesmas Murung Pudak, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan. The research design used a pre-experimental approach with a one-group pre-test post-test method. The intervention was administered for four consecutive days, during which the frequency of nausea and vomiting was measured on the first and fourth days. A purposive sampling technique was applied to select 30 pregnant women as participants. Data were collected through observation using the PUQE (Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea) scoring system. The analysis was conducted using the Paired T-Test, which resulted in a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant effect with a confidence level of α = 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant effect of giving honey-lime juice in reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women with emesis gravidarum. This finding suggests that honey-lime juice could be an effective natural remedy to alleviate pregnancy-related nausea and vomiting, offering a promising alternative for managing this common pregnancy symptom.
Relationship Between Oxytocin Massage and Breast Milk Production in Post-Term Mothers at Mopuya Community Health Center
Optimal breast milk production is essential for supporting infant health and development, especially during the first months of life. One non-pharmacological method that has been shown to help increase breast milk production is oxytocin massage. This technique stimulates the release of the hormone oxytocin, which plays a vital role in triggering the let-down reflex, thereby facilitating the flow of milk from the mammary glands. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between oxytocin massage and breast milk production among postpartum mothers at Mopuya Community Health Center. This research employed an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 25 postpartum mothers were recruited as respondents using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through surveys and direct observations, followed by statistical analysis using Kendall’s tau_b non-parametric correlation test. The results showed a strong and statistically significant correlation between oxytocin massage and breast milk production, with a correlation coefficient of 0.699 and a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates that mothers who received regular oxytocin massage tended to have better milk production compared to those who did not. The findings highlight oxytocin massage as an effective, simple, and safe non-pharmacological intervention that can be implemented in maternal and child health services to support breastfeeding success. Given its benefits, healthcare providers, especially midwives and lactation counselors, are encouraged to educate and train postpartum mothers in oxytocin massage techniques. Further research with larger sample sizes and varied settings is recommended to strengthen evidence and explore long-term impacts on breastfeeding duration and infant growth.
The Effect of Birthing Ball Use on the Duration of the First Stage of Active Labor
Birth and delivery are normal physiological events involving the expulsion of the fetus that occurs during 37-42 weeks (full term pregnancy). For a mother, the labor process can cause fear and pain so that the risk of labor that is too long increases. By using a birthing ball, the mother can move more comfortably and experience less pain, so that labor will be shorter. This study aims to determine the Effect of Using a Birthing Ball on the Length of Stage 1 of the Active Phase at the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the birthing ball method affects the length of the active phase I stage. The design of this study was a static Group Comparison pre-experimental design. Statistical tests with the Independent T Test. The population of this study were mothers giving birth at the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center. The sample consisted of 32 people. The results of the study on the use of birthing balls obtained an average labor progress of 288 minutes. The results of the statistical test with a significance value of 0.00 which means p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant influence in the use of the birthing ball method on the length of the first active phase in mothers giving birth in the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center Area. Suggestions for health workers in making plans to improve maternal care during labor by using birthing balls to help the progress of labor.
Giving Lavender Therapy Aroma to Dysmenorrhea Pain in Adolescents in Iloheluma Village, Patilanggio District, Pohuwato Regency
Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual discomfort that begins during menarche and is not associated with any underlying pelvic pathological disorders. It is a common condition that can significantly affect daily activities and lower the quality of life. The pain often associated with dysmenorrhea may be alleviated by improving blood circulation and utilizing pleasant aromas. One of the most widespread gynecological conditions, dysmenorrhea affects women of all ages and is frequently characterized by painful menstruation. Aromatherapy, particularly with lavender flowers, has been traditionally used to treat a variety of conditions including pain, postpartum depression, anxiety, and discomfort following cesarean sections. It has also been used to reduce dysmenorrhea. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 90% of women experience some form of dysmenorrhea, with 10–15% of these cases classified as severe. Pain management strategies for dysmenorrhea can be categorized into pharmaceutical and non-pharmacological methods, with aromatherapy being one of the prominent non-pharmacological techniques. This study aimed to assess the impact of lavender flower aromatherapy (Lavandula angustifolia) on the severity of dysmenorrhea in teenage females residing in Iloheluma Village, Patilanggio District, Pohuwato Regency. A quantitative, quasi-experimental approach was utilized in this research, employing a purposeful sampling method. The severity of dysmenorrhea discomfort before and after the lavender aromatherapy sessions was evaluated using the paired t-test. Of the respondents, 55% were aged 15–19 years. Prior to the aromatherapy treatment, 100% of participants reported moderate pain intensity. Following the aromatherapy session, the most common pain level reported by the participants (100%) was mild pain. These results suggest that lavender flower aromatherapy has a significant effect in reducing the severity of dysmenorrhea and can be considered an effective non-pharmacological intervention for menstrual discomfort.
The Relationship between BMI and the Incidence of Stunting in Infants Aged 2-5 Years at the Nuangan Boltim Health Center
Stunting is a condition characterized by a height or body length shorter than expected for a child's age, commonly referred to as being underdeveloped or dwarfed. It is a chronic nutritional problem in toddlers, influenced by various factors including socioeconomic conditions, maternal nutrition during pregnancy, birth weight and length, frequent illnesses in infants, and inadequate nutritional intake during infancy. Stunting can have long-term effects on physical and cognitive development, which makes its prevention crucial. This research aims to investigate the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and the incidence of stunting in children aged 2-5 years at the Nuangan Health Center. The study employed a quantitative correlation approach with a cross-sectional design to assess this relationship. A total of 20 respondents, selected using purposive sampling, participated in the study. The research utilized a weighing scale and measuring tape as instruments for data collection. Data analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test, which helped determine the significance of the relationship between BMI and stunting occurrence. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship (Sig = 0.027 < 0.05), suggesting that BMI is a key factor influencing the occurrence of stunting in toddlers at the Nuangan Health Center. This finding underscores the importance of monitoring BMI and addressing nutritional issues early in childhood to prevent stunting and its potential consequences on growth and development. The study highlights the need for health interventions focusing on improving maternal and infant nutrition, as well as promoting better health practices to mitigate the risk of stunting in young children.
The Relationship Between Pregnant Women's Knowledge About Pregnancy Nutrition and the Incidence of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED)
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The Effect of Prenatal Massage Therapy on Pregnant Women in the Third Trimester on Back Pain Complaints at Primary Health Care Bulango
Back pain is one of the most common complaints experienced by pregnant women, especially during the third trimester of pregnancy. This discomfort is generally caused by physiological and biomechanical changes in the body, such as an increase in body weight, a shift in the center of gravity, and hormonal changes that affect muscle and joint flexibility. If not managed properly, back pain can reduce mobility, interfere with daily activities, and impact the quality of life of pregnant women. One safe and non-pharmacological method to reduce back pain is prenatal massage therapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of prenatal massage on reducing back pain among pregnant women in the third trimester at Primary Health Care (PHC) Bulango. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women in their third trimester who were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out using observation and interviews with a numerical pain rating scale administered before and after the prenatal massage intervention. The massage sessions were performed following standardized prenatal massage procedures focusing on the lower back area. Data were analyzed using the paired t-test with the assistance of SPSS software. The results showed a statistically significant difference in back pain scores before and after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). This finding indicates that prenatal massage effectively reduces back pain in third-trimester pregnant women. Based on these results, prenatal massage can be recommended as a safe, non-invasive, and beneficial complementary therapy to improve maternal comfort during pregnancy. Incorporating prenatal massage into routine antenatal care could enhance the overall well-being and quality of life of expectant mothers.
Age Vs Awarness : A Cross-Sectional Insight Into Emesis Gravidarum Among Early Pregnancy
Emesis gravidarum (EG) is a common condition experienced by pregnant women, characterized by nausea and vomiting that can negatively impact the health of both the mother and the fetus. Although often considered a normal part of pregnancy, EG can significantly impact a mother's quality of life. Age factors are thought to have an effect on the level of maternal knowledge about this condition, with older mothers tending to have a better understanding than younger mothers. This study used a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 30 pregnant women in the first trimester was taken using the purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using Pearson correlation tests. 60% of respondents were multigravida, and 40% of respondents (100%) were between the ages of 20 and 35. Seventy percent of people throw up more than three times a day. With an average score of 73.40 (on a scale of 50 to 90), Mother's level of knowledge showed variances in comprehension. The normality test revealed that the knowledge and age data were normally distributed. Since there was no discernible association between the mother's age and her degree of knowledge (r = 0.139, p = 0.465) according to the Pearson correlation test, other variables like education and information availability might be more important factors influencing knowledge. The age of the first-trimester pregnant women and their level of EG knowledge did not significantly correlate. Consequently, comprehensive health education is essential to enhance pregnant women's comprehension of EG, irrespective of age considerations.
The Relationship Between Adherence to Taking Iron Supplement Tablets and Complications in Mothers
Iron deficiency anemia remains a significant health issue among pregnant women in Indonesia and is one of the contributing factors to high maternal and infant mortality rates. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in Indonesia has reached 50.5%. According to data from the 2010 National Health Survey, the anemia rate among pregnant women was 40.1%. Anemia during pregnancy increases the risk of low birth weight (LBW) babies, bleeding before and during labor, and can even lead to maternal and neonatal death. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adherence to iron supplement tablet consumption and complications during labor and in neonates. This research used an analytic observational method with a retrospective cohort approach. The study involved 56 maternity mothers who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Fisher's exact test. The results of the cross-tabulation between compliance with iron supplement tablet (TTD) consumption and maternal complications showed a p-value of 0.387 (p > 0.05), while the relationship between TTD compliance and neonatal complications showed a p-value of 0.681 (p > 0.05). It can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between adherence to iron supplement tablet consumption and the occurrence of maternal or neonatal complications.
Papaya Consumption and its Effect on Breast Milk Production in Post Partum Women : Study at Mabu’un Health Centre
Adequate breast milk production is crucial for the health and development of newborns, yet many postpartum mothers face challenges in breastfeeding. Various factors, such as diet, nutritional status, and stress, can significantly influence milk production. Young papaya is known to contain lactagogum, which can stimulate the hormones prolactin and oxytocin, both of which play a vital role in enhancing breast milk production. This study aimed to examine the effect of young papaya consumption on breast milk production among postpartum women. A quantitative design with a quasi-experimental approach, specifically a post-test control-only group design, was used for this study. The sample consisted of 20 postpartum women, who were divided into two groups: the treatment group (consuming young papaya) and the control group. Data were collected through a questionnaire, and the analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test with SPSS software. The results revealed that 70% of the mothers experienced smooth breast milk production, with the treatment group (those who consumed young papaya) reporting significantly higher levels of smooth milk production compared to the control group. Fisher's exact test showed a statistically significant association between the consumption of young papaya and the smoothness of breast milk production (p=0.005). In conclusion, the consumption of young papaya has a positive effect on increasing breast milk production in postpartum women. The papain enzyme present in young papaya appears to stimulate the hormones essential for milk production. Therefore, increasing awareness and education about the benefits of young papaya consumption as a lactagogue can play a significant role in supporting successful breastfeeding. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these findings and explore the long-term effects of young papaya consumption on lactation.
Relationship between CED Status, Pregnant Women and LBW with Stunting Incidence in Toddlers at Dolodou Health Center, West Dumoga District
Stunting is a medical condition that significantly affects children's growth and development, resulting in long-term impacts on physical health, cognitive abilities, and productivity in adulthood. The problem often begins during pregnancy and early life, when nutrition and health care play a critical role in determining a child's developmental trajectory. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the prevalence of stunting among toddlers in the operational area of the Dolodou Health Center UPTD and two key maternal and perinatal factors: chronic energy deficiency (CED) in pregnant mothers and low birth weight (LBW). A cross-sectional design was applied using a quantitative research approach. The study population consisted of all mothers with toddlers in the Dolodou Health Center area, and 31 respondents were recruited using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to gather information on maternal nutrition history, pregnancy conditions, and child anthropometric measurements. Chi-square statistical analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables. The results revealed a significant association between stunting and maternal CED status (p = 0.024), indicating that children born to mothers with chronic energy deficiency were at a higher risk of experiencing stunting. Additionally, children with a history of LBW were found to be more likely to suffer from stunting compared to those with normal birth weight. These findings underscore the importance of preventive measures during pregnancy, including nutritional monitoring, dietary supplementation, and health education to prevent both CED and LBW. In conclusion, addressing maternal nutritional health before and during pregnancy, along with continuous monitoring of child growth, is crucial to reducing stunting prevalence. Collaborative efforts between health workers, families, and the community are essential to ensure adequate nutrition and promote healthy development in children.
The Relationship Between Pregnant Women With Kek and The Birth of Lbw Babies in The Work Area of Bere-Bere Community Health Center
Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the indicators of infant health that is greatly influenced by the nutritional status of the mother during pregnancy. Pregnant women with poor nutritional status have a higher risk of giving birth to babies with low birth weight. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW in the work area of bere-bere community health center work area. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW at the work area of bere-bere community health center in 2023. Method: This study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents was 16 pregnant women selected through a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by measuring nutritional status using Body Mass Index (BMI) before pregnancy and collecting medical record data on the baby's birth weight. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that out of 16 respondents, 6 pregnant women (37.5%) with poor nutritional status gave birth to babies with LBW, while 10 pregnant women (62.5%) with normal nutritional status gave birth to babies with normal weight. The results of the statistical test showed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), which indicated a significant relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women and the incidence of LBW. Pregnant women with poor nutritional status have a higher risk of giving birth to babies with LBW. Suggestion: It is recommended that health workers at the work area of bere-bere community health center be more active in providing education and monitoring the nutritional status of pregnant women through nutritional counseling and regular pregnancy check-ups. Nutrition intervention programs also need to be strengthened to prevent the incidence of LBW
Association between Maternal Age and Awarnes of Pregnancy Danger Sign among Pregnant Women
Various factors influence pregnant women's knowledge of pregnancy danger signs, including age, education level, occupation, previous pregnancy experience, socioeconomic status, and access to health information. Insufficient knowledge of these signs, often due to limited access to health services and information, increases the risk of delays in managing pregnancy complications, which can negatively impact both maternal and fetal health. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between maternal characteristics, specifically age, and awareness of pregnancy danger signs. This quantitative study employed a correlational approach, using a questionnaire as the data collection tool. The study was conducted at the Tapa Health Center in Bone Bolango Regency, from April to August 2024, with 40 participants included. The Spearman statistical test was used to assess the relationship between maternal characteristics based on age and the knowledge of pregnancy danger signs before and after an intervention. The results showed a significant change in the knowledge levels of pregnant women, with the p-value of 0.852 indicating no direct relationship between maternal age and awareness of pregnancy danger signs. Although a positive change was observed in the knowledge levels after the intervention, the study concluded that there was no significant relationship between maternal age and knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. The findings suggest that while interventions can improve awareness, age alone does not appear to be a significant factor influencing knowledge levels. This highlights the importance of focusing on other factors such as education, health access, and targeted health interventions to enhance maternal awareness of pregnancy risks. Further studies with larger sample sizes and additional variables are recommended to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence pregnancy-related knowledge.
Factors Influencing Mothers Interest in Choosing IUD Contraception at Biontong Health Center
Rapid population growth is a major challenge in Indonesia, despite the ongoing implementation of the Family Planning (KB) program. Among the various contraceptive methods introduced, the Intrauterine Device (IUD) has proven to be an effective long-term solution. However, maternal interest in using the IUD remains relatively low, posing a challenge to achieving optimal family planning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing maternal interest in choosing IUDs at Biontong Health Center. The study employed an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 35 respondents were selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that assessed various factors influencing IUD use, including knowledge, gravida status, and previous family planning experience. The results revealed that 57.1% of respondents were not interested in using IUDs, while 42.9% expressed interest. Several significant factors were found to influence maternal interest, particularly the level of knowledge and gravida status. Specifically, respondents with better knowledge about IUDs were more likely to be interested in using them, with 63.6% of those with good knowledge expressing interest, compared to 30.0% with sufficient knowledge and only 35.7% with poor knowledge. Additionally, gravida status also played a significant role, with those who had previous pregnancies showing more interest in IUD use. In conclusion, maternal knowledge and pregnancy experience are key factors influencing interest in IUD use. To increase the adoption of IUDs as a long-term contraceptive option, it is essential to improve education and counseling efforts aimed at increasing public understanding of the benefits and safety of IUDs.
The Impact of Binahong Leaf Decoction on Perineal Wounds Healing Among Postpartum Women at Sikamali Clinic
Perineal wound healing in postpartum women is a crucial element of their rehabilitation. If left untreated, these wounds can cause pain and consequences. Natural substances, such as binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaves, have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects, which may speed up wound healing. This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups: the treatment group consumesd binahong leaf decoction water onece a day, and the control group didn’t get any treatment. The study sample consisted of 30 postpartum women who had perineal lesions, selected using a purposive sampling technique. To examine the progress of perineal wound healing, data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets. Descriptive and Fisher's test statistics used to determine the results. The results showed that 67.7% of mothers who consumed binahong leaf decoction water experienced faster wound healing compared to 33.3% of mothers in the control group. Bivariate analysis showed a significant effect between consumption of binahong leaf decoction water on accelerating perineal wound healing with a p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The flavonoids and saponins in binahong leaves play a role in the process of tissue regeneration and collagen synthesis, which supports the acceleration of wound healing. Demographic factors such as age, education, and employment status also contribute to the effectiveness of wound care. Binahong leaf decoction is effective in accelerating perineal wound healing in postpartum women. The use of this natural ingredient can be a safe and accessible alternative treatment, so it can be recommended in midwifery practice to improve the quality of postpartum care.
The Relationship Between the Length of Use of Implantable Contraceptives with Changes in Acceptor Weight
Weight gain in contraceptive implant acceptors can have various negative health impacts, including degenerative diseases such as heart disease, hypertension, and a reduced ability to carry out daily activities. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the duration of contraceptive implant use and weight gain among women of reproductive age. A quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach was applied. The study population consisted of all contraceptive implant acceptors registered at the health facility, totaling 74 respondents. The sampling technique used was random sampling to ensure representativeness. The independent variable in this research was the duration of contraceptive implant use, while the dependent variable was weight change. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the duration of contraceptive implant use and weight gain among respondents. Specifically, the longer the duration of implant use, the higher the likelihood of experiencing weight gain. This finding supports existing evidence that hormonal contraceptive implants may cause side effects, including increased body weight. If not properly managed, such weight gain can lead to overweight or obesity, conditions that substantially raise the risk of developing metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, as well as cardiovascular diseases including hypertension and coronary heart disease. Based on these results, it is recommended that contraceptive implant users undergo regular weight monitoring to identify changes early. Additionally, health education programs emphasizing balanced nutrition and adequate physical activity should be implemented for women using hormonal contraceptives. Health care providers are encouraged to deliver comprehensive counseling prior to implant insertion, ensuring that potential side effects and preventive measures are clearly explained. Such proactive steps will help women make informed decisions and maintain optimal health while using contraceptive implants.
The Role of Lavender Aromatherapy in Improving Sleep Quality Among Third Trimester Pregnant Women : Result From Pre Experimantal Study
Sleep disturbances in third trimester pregnant women are common and can be caused by factors such as increased fetal weight, shortness of breath, back pain, and fetal movements. These factors often disrupt the mother’s sleep, leading to inadequate rest. Lack of sleep during pregnancy can have significant consequences, affecting physiological aspects like activity levels, fatigue, body weakness, delayed recovery, instability in vital signs, and a weakened immune system. Furthermore, sleep disturbances may increase the risk of low birth weight babies and other complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women. The study utilized a pre-experimental method with a one-group pretest-posttest design to measure changes in sleep quality before and after the intervention. A quota sampling technique was used to select 20 participants, all of whom were in their third trimester of pregnancy. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) questionnaire was employed to assess sleep quality as the research instrument. Data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon rank test. The results showed a significant effect of lavender aromatherapy on sleep quality, with the Wilcoxon test yielding a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). This indicates a significant improvement in sleep quality after the intervention. The findings suggest that lavender aromatherapy helps in enhancing sleep by calming and soothing the limbic system in the brain, which creates a sense of comfort, allowing pregnant women to sleep longer and more soundly. In conclusion, lavender aromatherapy is an effective intervention to improve sleep quality in third trimester pregnant women, as evidenced by the significant improvement in the study participants’ sleep quality after using the therapy.
The Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitudes Of Pregnant Women And Husband's Support For Antenatal Care Examinations At The Leo Leo Health Center
Generally, pregnancy develops normally until delivery, but some pregnancies can be at risk in certain circumstances so that pregnancy checks (antenatal care) are needed. Some pregnant women do not do ANC (K1 and K4) allegedly due to lack of husband's support, lack of knowledge and negative attitudes about ANC. To determine the effect of husband's support, knowledge, and attitudes of pregnant women on Antenatal Care Visits. This type of research is an analytical survey with a Cross Sectional approach. The research was conducted at the Leo Leo Health Center, with the research time in Desember 2024. The population in this study were all pregnant women in the third trimester of the Leo Leo Health Center, namely 38 people and all of them were used as samples (total population). Data were analyzed univariately, bivariately with the chi-square test, and multivariately using multiple logistic regression tests at a 95% confidence level (=0.05). The study showed that the majority of ANC visits by pregnant women were not up to standard (52.6%), those up to standard (47.4%). Pregnant women's ANC visits at the Leo Leo Health Center were influenced by husband's support (p = 0.033), and knowledge (p = 0.004), while attitude had no effect (p = 0.156). The knowledge variable was the most dominant variable influencing ANC visits. Pregnant women with good knowledge were 13.7 times more likely to make ANC visits according to standards compared to pregnant women with less knowledge. The probability of pregnant women making ANC visits according to standards was 90.99% if husband's support was good and mother's knowledge was good. Husband's Support and Pregnant Women's Knowledge influenced ANC Visits at the Leo Leo Health Center. Gather pregnant women and husbands or families to provide counseling on the importance of ANC Visits and remind pregnant women and husbands to always read the KIA Book so that they know the importance of ANC Visits
The Effect of Combined Stimulation of Baby Massage and Lavender Essential Oil on Gross and Fine Motor Skills in Infants Aged 3–12
Gross motor and fine motor development are critical aspects of early childhood growth, yet a significant proportion of infants and toddlers continue to experience delays in these areas. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, approximately 20–40% of infants aged 0–2 years face delays in developmental processes, with 5–25% experiencing gross and fine motor disorders. Delays in gross motor skills can reduce adaptability and creativity during the adaptation period, while delays in fine motor skills may hinder a child’s learning process. Beyond adequate nutrition provided by the mother, stimulation is an essential strategy to optimize growth and development. One promising approach is the combination of baby massage and lavender essential oil, which may offer both physical stimulation and relaxation benefits that support motor skill advancement. This study aims to determine the effect of combined baby massage stimulation and lavender essential oil application on the improvement of gross and fine motor skills in infants aged 3–12 months. A pre-experimental quantitative design with one-group pretest–posttest was applied to a sample of 40 infants. Data analysis employed the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to assess changes in motor development scores before and after the intervention. Results indicated a probability value (p-value) of 0.02 (<0.05), suggesting a statistically significant improvement in both gross and fine motor skills following the intervention. These findings highlight the potential of integrating tactile and aromatherapy-based stimulation into infant care routines to enhance motor development. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is recommended to validate these results and explore the underlying mechanisms of action.
Analysis of ICD-9-CM Coding Accuracy in the Reimbursement Claim Process for INA-CBGs Compliance
This study aims to analyze the accuracy of ICD-9-CM coding in Cathlab procedure claims submitted to BPJS Kesehatan under the INA-CBGs reimbursement system at RSI Aisyiyah Malang. Accurate coding is critical for determining appropriate claim grouping and tariff calculation within Indonesia’s national health insurance scheme. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of 244 Cathlab claims from 2024 with qualitative insights obtained through document review, interviews, and direct observation. The results showed that 182 claims (74.59%) were accepted as accurate and complete, while 62 claims (25.41%) were returned as pending. Common causes of claim inaccuracy included missing supporting documents (37.10%), incorrect ICD-9-CM codes (27.42%), and nonspecific diagnoses (19.35%). Procedural miscoding, such as omitting dual catheterization codes or stent-related procedure codes, was identified as a frequent issue, significantly impacting claim grouping and reimbursement. The study highlights systemic challenges related to documentation quality, coder competency, and institutional claim verification processes. These challenges result in delays, incorrect payments, and administrative inefficiencies, posing barriers to effective reimbursement. The findings underscore the importance of implementing Clinical Documentation Improvement (CDI) strategies, improving coder training, and transitioning to newer coding systems such as ICD-10 or ICD-11. Upgrading to these systems will support better coding accuracy, enhance claim processing efficiency, and ensure more appropriate reimbursement. Strengthening these components is essential to ensure the integrity of Indonesia’s health financing system, improve operational workflows, and ensure that healthcare providers receive timely and accurate reimbursement for services rendered. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the current state of coding practices in Indonesian healthcare institutions and offers actionable recommendations for improving coding accuracy and claims processing.
The Effect of Pineapple Juice (Ananas Comosus) on Dysmenorrhea Pain
Menstrual pain, also known as dysmenorrhea, is one of the most common reproductive health problems experienced by adolescent girls. This condition often recurs every month and can interfere with school attendance, concentration, and participation in daily activities. Many individuals choose pharmacological treatments such as analgesics to relieve symptoms. However, excessive use of pain relievers can lead to side effects, prompting interest in non-pharmacological approaches. One such approach is the consumption of pineapple juice, which contains beneficial compounds such as pectin, vitamin C, and the enzyme bromelain. Bromelain has anti-inflammatory properties, aids in muscle relaxation, and improves blood circulation, potentially reducing uterine muscle contractions that cause pain. This study aimed to determine the effect of pineapple juice consumption on reducing menstrual pain among adolescent girls. The research design used was pre-experimental with a pretest–posttest approach. The population included 121 adolescent girls who experienced menstrual pain, and the sample was obtained through accidental sampling. Pain quality was evaluated using observation sheets, while pain intensity was measured with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), which has a validity coefficient of r = 0.90 and reliability above 0.95. Before the intervention, the majority of respondents reported a pain intensity score of 6 (46.7%), with a mean score of 5.86. Following the administration of pineapple juice, pain intensity predominantly decreased to a score of 4 (86.6%), with a mean score of 3.06. The Wilcoxon test produced a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a statistically significant difference between pre- and post-intervention pain levels. In conclusion, pineapple juice is effective in significantly reducing menstrual pain in adolescent girls. This finding supports its potential as a simple, affordable, and natural alternative to pharmacological treatments. Further research with a control group and larger sample size is recommended to strengthen the evidence.
The Effect of Providing 10t Antenatal Care Services on Pregnant Women's Visits At UPTD Popayato Health Center
Antenatal Care (ANC) is one of the important aspects in maintaining the health of pregnant women and fetuses. Provision of good and standard antenatal care services, one of which is the 10T program, plays an important role in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates. However, visits by pregnant women to health centers often do not match the expected number. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of providing 10T ANC services on the level of visits by pregnant women at the Popayato Health Center UPTD. This study aims to determine the effect of providing 10T antenatal care services on the level of visits by pregnant women at the Popayato Health Center UPTD. This type of research is quantitative with a pre-experimental design using a one group pretest-posttest approach. The study was conducted at the Popayato Health Center UPTD involving 16 pregnant women respondents who were registered during the study period. Data were obtained through observation and interviews, and tested using the Wilcoxon test. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a p value = 0.000, which means p-value <0.05. This shows that there is a significant influence between the provision of 10T ANC services on increasing visits by pregnant women at the Popayato Health Center UPTD. Before the intervention, the majority of pregnant women did not make regular visits, but after being given 10T ANC services, almost all respondents increased the frequency of their visits. The provision of 10T antenatal care services has a significant effect on increasing the level of visits by pregnant women at the Popayato Health Center UPTD. The implementation of the 10T program can increase the awareness of pregnant women to undergo regular visits, which has a positive impact on the health of the mother and fetus. For health workers, it is hoped that they will continue to improve the quality of 10T ANC services in order to attract more pregnant women to make regular visits. It is hoped that health facilities will educate pregnant women more often about the importance of 10T ANC services. Further research with a larger sample size can be conducted to strengthen these findings
The Impact of Maternal Age on the Incidence of Low Birth Weight in Newborns
Low birth weight (LBW) is a significant public health problem, with varying prevalence across countries. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 15% of all births worldwide are LBW babies. LBW can be caused by various factors, including maternal health conditions, nutritional status, and environmental factors. One factor that is often overlooked is maternal age during pregnancy. This study aims to explore the relationship between maternal age and the incidence of LBW. Research This study used an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 200 pregnant women who gave birth at the Hospital in 2024. Data were collected through medical record data tracing, which included maternal age, infant birth weight, and other risk factors. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test to determine the relationship between maternal age variables and LBW. Results: The results of the analysis showed that 32% of the total babies born had LBW. From the age group under 20 years, the prevalence of LBW reached 15%, while in the age group over 35 years it reached 9%. After conducting the Spearman test in the Halsil test, the significant relationship between maternal age and the incidence of LBW was p (Sig) 0.02 (<0.05). Public health programs should focus more on education and intervention for pregnant women, especially those in their teens and the elderly. This is important to reduce the number of LBW and improve maternal and infant health. In the future, further research is needed to explore other factors that may affect LBW.
Effectiveness of Banana Blossom on Breast Milk Production in Breastfeeding Mothers
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months is one of the most valuable investments in a child’s health, growth, and intelligence, yet ensuring sufficient breast milk production can be a challenge for some mothers. The banana heart, or banana flower, is an inexpensive and easily accessible part of the banana plant traditionally used to enhance lactation. Rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals, it is believed to support maternal health and stimulate milk production. This study aimed to determine the effect of banana heart consumption on the average increase in breast milk production among breastfeeding mothers in the Bahari Health Center Working Area. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group was employed, involving breastfeeding mothers divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group consumed banana heart preparations, while the control group maintained their regular diet. Breast milk production was measured before and after the intervention. Results indicated that, before treatment, the average breast milk production in the treatment group ranged from 401–500 cc, with a mean of 496.67 cc. After consuming banana heart, production significantly increased to 801–900 cc, with a mean of 816.67 cc. In contrast, the control group’s production remained between 401–500 cc, with a mean of 453.33 cc, showing no significant change. Statistical analysis confirmed the positive effect of banana heart consumption on increasing breast milk production. In conclusion, banana heart can be considered an effective, low-cost, and locally available dietary intervention to improve lactation outcomes, supporting the practice of exclusive breastfeeding for six months. Public health initiatives could promote the use of banana heart as a natural approach for mothers experiencing lactation challenges.
The Effect of Bladder Point 23 Acupressure Therapy on Back Pain Intensity in Pregnant Women in the Thirty Trimester
Back pain is one of the common complaints experienced by pregnant women, especially in the third trimester. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), around 50-70% of pregnant women experience back pain which can affect their quality of life (WHO, 2021). Acupressure therapy, especially at the Blader 23 point, has been known as a non-pharmacological method that can reduce pain. This study aims to analyze the effect of acupressure therapy at the Blader 23 point on the intensity of back pain in pregnant women in the third trimester. Research Methods: The research method used in this study was a pre-experiment with a pre-post group test. The study sample consisted of 20 primigravida pregnant women. Pain intensity was measured using a numeric scale (NRS) before and after the intervention. The data obtained were analyzed using a paired t-test. There was a significant difference in the level of pain in pregnant women in the third trimester between before and after being given acupressure at the Blader 23 point, this was evidenced by the mean value of the pre-test results of 25.5 but the mean value of the post-test results was 23.2. This is reinforced by the results of the t-test obtained t count 7.254. Furthermore, based on the results of the calculation of the level of significance, it shows that the value of
Utilization of KIA Books on Pregnant Women's Knowledge About The Dangers of Pregnancy at The Buntulia Community Health Center
The Maternal and Child Health (KIA) Book is an important media used to provide health information for pregnant women. Effective utilization of the KIA Book can increase pregnant women's knowledge about the dangers of pregnancy, thus supporting a healthy pregnancy. However, not all pregnant women have utilized the KIA Book optimally, especially in the UPTD Buntulia Health Center area. This study aims to analyze the utilization of the KIA Book on the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the dangers of pregnancy in the UPTD Buntulia Health Center. This study used a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents were 16 pregnant women selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the chi-square statistical test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the utilization of the KIA Book and the level of knowledge of pregnant women about the dangers of pregnancy (p-value = 0.000). Pregnant women who actively utilize the KIA Book tend to have a better level of knowledge than those who do not utilize it. Optimal utilization of the KIA Book contributes positively to increasing pregnant women's knowledge about the dangers of pregnancy. It is recommended that health workers at Buntulia Health Center be more active in providing education on the importance of using the KIA Book and providing assistance to pregnant women to maximize its benefits
The Relationship Between Early Marriage and The Incidence of Retained Placenta
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2015 the global maternal mortality rate (MMR) reached 303,000 deaths. In Indonesia, the MMR for the same year was 305 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births, significantly higher than the national target of 75 per 100,000 live births. The top five causes of maternal death in Indonesia include hemorrhage (30.3%), hypertension in pregnancy (27.1%), infection (7.3%), prolonged labor (1.8%), and abortion (1.6%). One complication that can contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality is placental retention, a condition in which the placenta fails to be delivered within 30 minutes after childbirth. In 2016, 51 cases of placental retention were reported in the study area, raising concerns about its prevalence and contributing factors. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal age and the incidence of placental retention. An analytic survey method was applied using secondary data, with a total population of 398 mothers and a sample of 80 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis employed chi-square testing. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents were not in the at-risk age group (61 respondents or 76.2%), and most did not experience placental retention (64 respondents or 80%). However, statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between maternal age and placental retention, with a p-value of 0.001, indicating that age is a contributing factor. In conclusion, maternal age plays a significant role in the occurrence of placental retention, emphasizing the importance of adequate maternal health education, early antenatal care, and close monitoring during delivery, especially for those in high-risk age categories. Targeted interventions to address age-related risks may help reduce maternal complications and contribute to lowering the maternal mortality rate.
Effectiveness of Finger Hold Relaxation Technique on Pain in Mothers Who Have Sex 640-645
Post-cesarean section (CS) pain is a common issue faced by postpartum mothers, significantly affecting their recovery process and overall well-being. Effective pain management is crucial to enhance recovery and improve quality of life. One promising non-pharmacological approach gaining attention is the finger hold relaxation technique, which has been shown to alleviate various forms of pain. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the finger hold relaxation technique in reducing post-CS pain. A quasi-experimental design was used with two groups: an intervention group that received the finger hold relaxation technique and a control group that did not receive the intervention. The study involved 60 post-CS mothers, randomly divided into the two groups. Pain levels were measured before and after the intervention using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results indicated a significant decrease in pain levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The average pain score in the intervention group before the intervention was 7.5, which decreased to 4.2 after the intervention. In contrast, the control group exhibited relatively stable pain scores, with an average of 7.3 before the intervention and 6.9 after. The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed a significant difference, with a p-value of 0.01, indicating that the finger hold relaxation technique had a significant effect on reducing post-CS pain. In conclusion, the finger hold relaxation technique is effective in reducing pain in post-CS mothers. It is recommended that this technique be incorporated into post-operative care programs to enhance maternal comfort and facilitate faster recovery.
The Effect of Sanyinjiao Point (SP6) Acupressure on the Dysmenorrhea Pain Scale at SMP N 4 Kotamobagu
Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain is a common complaint in adolescent girls that can interfere with daily activities. One method that can be used to reduce menstrual pain is acupressure, especially at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6), which is known to relieve dysmenorrhea symptoms. This study aims to determine the effect of acupressure at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6) on reducing the scale of dysmenorrhea pain in students of SMP N 4 Kotamobagu. This type of research is quantitative with a pre-post test experimental design. A total of 18 respondents were selected by purposive sampling. This study used a pain scale measuring instrument to assess the level of dysmenorrhea pain before and after acupressure treatment was given at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6). Based on the results of statistical analysis, the p-value obtained was 0.001, which indicates a significant effect between acupressure at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6) on reducing the scale of dysmenorrhea pain in respondents. Acupressure at the Sanyinjiao point (SP6) has been proven effective in reducing the pain scale of dysmenorrhea in female adolescents at SMP N 4 Kotamobagu. It is recommended that acupressure can be applied as a non-pharmacological method in overcoming menstrual pain in female adolescents
The Effect of Lavender Aromatherapy on Anxiety of Primigravid Pregnant Women in Tobongon Village
Anxiety during pregnancy is an issue that is increasingly receiving attention in the field of maternal health. Anxiety can harm fetal development and maternal mental health. High anxiety can lead to complications such as premature labor and low birth weight. Aromatherapy, especially the use of lavender essential oil, has been shown to have a calming effect that can help relieve anxiety. Previous studies have shown that lavender can reduce levels of stress hormones, such as cortisol, which contribute to feelings of anxiety. to measure the effect of lavender aromatherapy on anxiety levels in primigravida pregnant women. The research method used in this study was a pre-experiment with a pre-post group test. The study sample consisted of 20 primigravida pregnant women. Measurement of anxiety levels was carried out using the HARS Anxiety Scale measuring instrument before and after treatment. Lavender aromatherapy was given for 30 minutes every day for two weeks. The data obtained were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results: differences in anxiety levels of pregnant women in the third trimester between before and after being given lavender aromatherapy, this is evidenced by the mean value of the pre-test results of 25.5 but the mean value of the post-test results of 23.2. This is reinforced by the results of the t-test obtained to count 7.254. Furthermore, based on the results of the calculation of the level of significance, it shows that the value of
Prenatal Gentel Yoga As Non-Pharmacological on The Anxiety Level in The Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Anxiety in third trimester primigravida is a common problem and can have an impact on maternal and fetal health. One method that can be used to reduce anxiety is prenatal gentle yoga, which is known to provide a relaxing effect and improve the emotional well-being of pregnant women. The aims to analyze prenatal gentle yoga as Non-pharmacological on the anxiety level in the third trimester of pregnancy. Using quasi-experimental design and pretest-posttest design with a control group. The study sample consisted of third trimester primigravida who were divided into an intervention group (prenatal gentle yoga) and a control group. Anxiety levels were measured before and after the intervention using validated instruments. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test to test for differences in anxiety before and after the intervention in each group. The results showed a significant difference in anxiety levels before and after prenatal gentle yoga in the intervention group with a p value = 0.000. Meanwhile, in the control group, there was no significant difference in anxiety levels with a p value = 0.180. Prenatal gentle yoga has a significant effect in reducing the anxiety level of third trimester primigravida. Therefore, prenatal gentle yoga can be recommended as one of the non-pharmacological methods to reduce anxiety in pregnant women.
The Relationship between Pregnancy Complications and the Incidence of Anemia in Expectant Mothers
Anemia is a global health problem that often occurs in pregnant women. Inadequate pregnancy spacing can contribute to the risk of anemia. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnancy spacing and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women. This type of research is observational analytic with a case-control design. This study was conducted from February to October 2024 at a selected health center in the region. The case-control design was chosen to investigate the causes of anemia during pregnancy, particularly focusing on the effects of pregnancy spacing. The number of samples used was 30 cases, while 30 control cases were selected by simple random sampling from a larger pool of eligible pregnant women. The analysis employed the chi-square test to determine the statistical significance of the relationship between pregnancy spacing and the incidence of anemia. Results showed that 21.7% of respondents had anemia, with a significantly higher prevalence in those with a pregnancy spacing of less than two years. After conducting the chi-square test, the result yielded a significant p-value of 0.002, indicating a strong association between short pregnancy intervals and anemia. This finding highlights the potential risks associated with inadequate pregnancy spacing, emphasizing the importance of family planning and prenatal care in preventing anemia in expectant mothers. The study suggests that adequate pregnancy spacing may reduce the incidence of anemia, thus promoting healthier pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, it underscores the need for educational programs aimed at raising awareness of the benefits of proper pregnancy planning. Such initiatives would not only help prevent anemia but also improve maternal and fetal health. Comprehensive health policies promoting spacing between pregnancies can have long-term positive effects on maternal well-being.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Premature Labor in Pregnant Women Based on Various Health and Environmental Aspects
Preterm birth, defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation, is a significant global health problem, with rising rates in many regions worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that approximately 15 million babies are born prematurely every year, and this number continues to increase. Preterm birth is a major contributor to neonatal morbidity and mortality, making it an urgent issue for public health. This study aims to explore the various factors influencing the occurrence of preterm birth, including medical, social, and environmental factors. The study employed an observational analysis with a case-control design to identify and analyze these factors. Data were collected from medical records of deliveries that took place between January and December 2024. The study used a total sample size of 100 participants, consisting of 50 cases of preterm birth and 50 control cases. The control group was selected using simple random sampling to ensure unbiased selection. The data were analyzed using the chi-square test, and logistic regression was applied to assess the strength of the relationships between identified factors and the occurrence of preterm birth. The findings of this study indicate that several factors significantly contribute to the likelihood of preterm birth, including parity, pregnancy spacing, infections, and blood pressure (p-value < 0.05). These factors were found to increase the risk of preterm birth. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for early intervention to identify and manage these risk factors, thus minimizing the incidence of preterm birth. It is also recommended that pregnant women receive education and support programs aimed at reducing risk factors. Further research, especially longitudinal studies, is suggested to explore the mechanisms underlying preterm labor and to develop more effective preventive strategies.
Relationship Between Knowledge Level of Adolescent Girls About The Effect of Warm Water on Dysminorhea Pain
Menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea) experienced by each woman is different, some are slightly disturbed but some are very disturbed to the point of being unable to carry out daily activities and making them have to rest or even be absent from school. Data in the UKS book records show that 16 female students were treated at the UKS where 13 (81.2%) complained of pain during menstruation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of warm compresses on reducing dysmenorrhea pain in female adolescents. The type of quantitative research with a pre-experimental research design on the one group pretest and post-test group design research approach. The population of this study was female adolescents who experienced menstrual pain with a sample of 30 female adolescents using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection used an observation sheet. Univariate and bivariate analysis (Wilcoxon test). The results of this study showed that the average menstrual pain in adolescents before being given warm compresses was 4.7 and after being given warm compresses was 1.4. There is an effect of warm compresses on reducing menstrual pain in female adolescents (p-value = 0.000). Advice for young women is to apply warm compresses to reduce pain during menstruation.
The Connection between Pregnancy Spacing and the Occurrence of Stunting in Children : An In-Depth Analysis of Contributing Factors
Stunting is a serious nutritional problem in Indonesia, affecting the growth and development of children under five years of age. Non-ideal pregnancy spacing is one of the factors that can contribute to stunting, as closely spaced pregnancies can lead to inadequate maternal nutrition, which affects the child’s development. This study aims to analyze the relationship between pregnancy spacing and the incidence of stunting in children under five. The research design employed is observational analytic with a case-control approach. Data collection was conducted from February to October 2024, focusing on children with stunting and children with normal growth as control cases. The case-control study involved a total sample size of 60 children, with 30 stunted children as cases and 30 non-stunted children as controls. The control cases were selected using simple random sampling to ensure unbiased representation. The primary analysis technique used was the chi-square test to examine the relationship between pregnancy spacing and the incidence of stunting. The results indicated that children born with a pregnancy spacing of less than 24 months had a 1.5 times higher risk of experiencing stunting compared to those born with a pregnancy spacing of more than 24 months. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test yielded a significant p-value of 0.002 (< 0.05), which confirms a strong association between short pregnancy spacing and stunting. This study concludes that insufficient pregnancy spacing is a significant factor contributing to the incidence of stunting in children under five. Therefore, it is recommended that public health campaigns and education programs on family planning and reproductive health be strengthened to reduce the risk of stunting in Indonesia. Such initiatives will help prevent future generations from experiencing the negative effects of inadequate growth and development.
The Relationship Between the Use of Birth Control Implants and Weight Gain in the Bolaang Mongondow Region
Implant contraception is one of the long-term birth control methods that is effective in preventing pregnancy. However, the use of implant contraception is often associated with side effects, one of which is weight gain. This weight gain can affect compliance and sustainability of the use of implant contraception in the community. Therefore, it is important to understand the relationship between the use of implant contraception and weight gain in the Bolaang Mongondow area. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the use of implant contraception and weight gain in acceptors in the Bolaang Mongondow area. Method: This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study were 30 respondents who were acceptors of implant contraception in the Bolaang Mongondow area. Data collection was carried out through interviews and weight measurements before and after using implant contraception. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: The results showed that most respondents experienced weight gain after using implant contraception. Statistical analysis with the chi-square test produced a p-value = 0.009, which means that there is a significant relationship between the use of implant contraception and weight gain. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the use of contraceptive implants and weight gain in acceptors in the Bolaang Mongondow area. This weight gain is likely caused by hormonal changes that occur due to the use of contraceptive implants. Suggestion: Further education is needed for prospective acceptors of contraceptive implants regarding possible side effects, including weight gain. In addition, health workers need to provide assistance and weight management strategies, such as education on healthy eating patterns and physical activity, to reduce the impact of contraceptive implant use.
The Impact of Work Experience, Knowledge, and Motivation on Cadre Performance in Stunting Prevention in Malang District
Stunting is a critical issue that can be addressed through various interventions, one of which involves the active participation of community cadres. This study aimed to assess the role of knowledge and motivation as mediating factors between the duration of service as a cadre and their performance in the stunting prevention program at the Tajinan and Wagir Health Centers. The research used an analytic observational study design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of 608 cadres across two health centers, and a sample of 125 cadres from each health center was selected using proportional cluster random sampling. To analyze the data, an Independent Sample T-Test was used to compare the duration of service as a cadre, knowledge, motivation, and performance between the two health centers. Path analysis was conducted to explore the impact of the duration of service as a cadre on performance, mediated by knowledge and motivation. The results indicated that there were significant differences in the knowledge and performance of the cadres, while the duration of service and motivation did not show significant differences between the two health centers. Path analysis revealed that knowledge and motivation were not significant mediators in the relationship between the duration of service and cadre performance. Furthermore, the length of time as a cadre did not significantly impact performance in either health center. However, motivation emerged as the most influential factor, with a substantial effect on the performance of the cadres in both health centers. Based on these findings, it is recommended that stunting prevention programs focus on enhancing the motivation of cadres to improve their performance, rather than solely relying on the duration of their service or their knowledge levels.
The Relationship Between ANC Visits and Early Detection of High Risk in Pregnant Women at The Wori Health Center
Antenatal Care (ANC) visits are one of the important efforts in early detection of high risk in pregnant women. However, there are still many pregnant women who do not routinely make ANC visits, which can be risky for the health of the mother and baby. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ANC visits and early detection of high risk in pregnant women at the Wori Health Center. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the frequency of ANC visits and early detection of high risk in pregnant women. This study used a quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 16 pregnant women respondents registered at the Wori Health Center. Data were collected through interviews and medical record examinations to determine the frequency of ANC visits and the status of early detection of high risk. The statistical test used was the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the chi-square analysis showed a p-value of 0.000, which is smaller than 0.05, which means there is a significant relationship between ANC visits and early detection of high risk in pregnant women at the Wori Health Center. Routine ANC visits have a significant influence on early detection of high risk in pregnant women. Pregnant women who routinely make ANC visits tend to be detected as having high risk sooner, so that appropriate preventive and treatment measures can be taken. It is recommended for the Wori Health Center to increase education regarding the importance of ANC visits for pregnant women, as well as provide adequate facilities to facilitate access for pregnant women in making ANC visits.
Birth and delivery are normal physiological events involving the expulsion of the fetus that occurs during 37-42 weeks (full term pregnancy). For a mother, the labor process can cause fear and pain so that the risk of labor that is too long increases. By using a birthing ball, the mother can move more comfortably and experience less pain, so that labor will be shorter. This study aims to determine the Effect of Using a Birthing Ball on the Length of Stage 1 of the Active Phase at the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center. The purpose of this study was to analyze how the birthing ball method affects the length of the active phase I stage. The design of this study was a static Group Comparison pre-experimental design. Statistical tests with the Independent T Test. The population of this study were mothers giving birth at the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center. The sample consisted of 32 people. The results of the study on the use of birthing balls obtained an average labor progress of 288 minutes. The results of the statistical test with a significance value of 0.00 which means p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant influence in the use of the birthing ball method on the length of the first active phase in mothers giving birth in the Paguyaman Gorontalo Health Center Area. Suggestions for health workers in making plans to improve maternal care during labor by using birthing balls to help the progress of labor
Development of a Smart Attendance System Using Face Recognition Technology
Attendance management is an essential component in educational institutions, companies, and organizations to monitor the presence and punctuality of participants. Traditional attendance systems, such as manual signatures or identification cards, are prone to various issues including human error, time inefficiency, and identity fraud. To address these challenges, this study aims to develop a smart attendance system using facial recognition technology based on Python and the OpenCV library. The system is designed to automatically detect and recognize faces in real time using a webcam or camera module. It employs computer vision techniques to capture facial images, extract unique features, and match them against a stored database of registered participants. Once the face is verified, the system records the attendance along with a timestamp, ensuring data accuracy and security. The development process involved several stages, including image acquisition, preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. OpenCV was utilized for image processing tasks, while Python provided the programming framework to integrate all components. To enhance recognition accuracy, the system applied techniques such as histogram equalization for lighting normalization and Haar Cascade classifiers for initial face detection. An experimental evaluation was conducted under various conditions, including different lighting environments and facial orientations. The results demonstrated that the system achieved an accuracy rate of 96% under normal lighting conditions, with only a small decrease in performance under dim or uneven lighting. These findings indicate that the system is reliable for practical applications, especially in controlled environments. Conclusion: The Python-based facial recognition attendance system offers a more efficient, secure, and accurate alternative to conventional attendance methods. Future improvements may include the integration of deep learning models to enhance recognition robustness in diverse real-world scenarios.
Integrating STEM-Based Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills Among Elementary School Students
The development of critical thinking skills is essential for preparing future generations to effectively navigate the challenges posed by rapid technological and scientific advancements. This study examines the effectiveness of STEM-based learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) in enhancing critical thinking skills among elementary school students in Indonesia. Using a quasi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test control group design, this research involved 120 students from three elementary schools in East Java. The experimental group was taught using an integrated STEM approach, while the control group continued with a traditional curriculum. The primary objective was to assess how STEM-based learning impacts students' critical thinking, particularly in areas such as problem-solving, reasoning, and analysis. The results revealed a significant improvement in the critical thinking abilities of students in the STEM group compared to the control group. Students in the experimental group demonstrated enhanced skills in problem-solving and reasoning, with notable improvements in their ability to analyze and evaluate information. Additionally, the STEM group exhibited higher levels of engagement, curiosity, and motivation in their learning, along with a greater ability to apply interdisciplinary knowledge to real-life contexts. These findings suggest that STEM-based learning can play a crucial role in developing critical thinking and other essential skills required in the 21st century. This research underscores the potential benefits of incorporating STEM education into elementary school curricula to foster critical thinking and prepare students for future challenges. The study recommends that policymakers and educators focus on providing the necessary training, resources, and support to effectively implement STEM-based learning in primary education. By doing so, we can ensure that students develop the skills needed to succeed in a rapidly evolving world.
The Relationship between the Implementation of Pregnant Women's Classes and Childbirth Anxiety
Anxiety before childbirth is a common psychological condition experienced by pregnant women, particularly those who are primigravida. Such anxiety can be influenced by various factors, including lack of knowledge, fear of pain, and uncertainty about the childbirth process. Prenatal classes are educational programs designed to improve pregnant women’s understanding, confidence, and readiness in facing labor. These classes typically provide information about pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum care, and newborn care. However, the extent to which prenatal classes effectively reduce anxiety before childbirth requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the implementation of prenatal classes and labor anxiety levels among pregnant women. A quantitative research design with a cross-sectional approach was used. The sample consisted of 30 pregnant women selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using standardized anxiety questionnaires administered before and after participants attended prenatal classes. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square statistical test with a significance level set at p < 0.05. The findings revealed a significant relationship between participation in prenatal classes and a reduction in labor anxiety, with a p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05). These results indicate that prenatal classes can play an important role in preparing pregnant women mentally and emotionally for the childbirth process. The interactive education and supportive environment provided during these sessions help participants gain confidence and reduce fear. It is recommended that healthcare providers in health facilities continue to optimize the delivery of prenatal classes by incorporating more interactive methods and involving family members. Family support, in combination with structured prenatal education, can further enhance the effectiveness of these programs in reducing childbirth-related anxiety.
Use of Wearable Technology in Improving Children's Health: Implementation and Impact on Healthy Lifestyles
Wearable technologies, such as smartwatches and fitness trackers, have gained popularity in recent years as tools for monitoring health. These devices are increasingly used not only by adults but also by children, offering a promising approach to promoting healthy living habits. This study investigates the impact of wearable technology on improving healthy living habits in children, specifically focusing on physical activity levels and dietary behaviors. The research employed a quasi-experimental design and involved 150 children aged 8 to 12 years who wore wearable devices to track their physical activity over a 6-month period. The data was collected through physical activity measurements, dietary assessments, and healthy lifestyle surveys conducted both before and after the intervention. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the children's physical activity levels, with a notable reduction in sedentary behaviors such as prolonged sitting. Furthermore, children using wearable technology showed improvements in their dietary choices, opting for healthier food options more frequently. Parents also reported a positive change in their children’s attitudes towards health, with an increased awareness of the importance of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. These findings suggest that wearable technology can be an effective tool in promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits among children. The study highlights the potential of integrating such technologies into children's health education to support the development of better lifestyle behaviors. Given the positive outcomes observed, it is recommended that policymakers, educators, and health professionals consider incorporating wearable devices into public health initiatives aimed at improving children’s health and well-being. Further research could focus on long-term effects and explore additional benefits of wearable technology in enhancing various aspects of child development.
The Role of Cadres in the Activeness of Toddler Mothers Coming to the Toddler Posyandu in the Kabila Bone Health Center Work Area
Toddler Posyandu has an important role in monitoring child growth and development as well as preventing nutritional and health problems. The activeness of mothers in bringing their toddlers to Posyandu is greatly influenced by various factors, one of which is the role of health cadres. Posyandu cadres act as community mobilizers in increasing awareness and participation of mothers in toddler health programs. However, there are still many mothers who are less active in attending Posyandu, so an evaluation of the influence of the role of cadres on the activeness of toddler mothers in Posyandu activities is needed. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between the role of cadres and the activeness of toddler mothers in attending Posyandu toddlers in the work area of Kabila Bone Health Center. Method: This study used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The research sample consisted of 30 respondents selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire that assessed the role of cadres and the level of mother's activeness in attending Posyandu. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test with a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). Results: The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the role of cadres and the activeness of mothers of toddlers in attending the integrated health post, with a p value = 0.000 (<0.05). This shows that the more active and involved the integrated health post cadres are, the higher the level of activeness of mothers in bringing their toddlers to the integrated health post. Conclusion: The role of cadres greatly influences the activeness of mothers in attending the integrated health post for toddlers.
Relationship between Success Rate of ARV Tablet Consumption in Pregnant Women with HIV at Ir. Soekarno Regional Hospital, Morotai Island
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in pregnant women is a serious concern in efforts to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). Regular consumption of Antiretroviral (ARV) tablets is very important to suppress viral load and increase treatment success. However, the level of compliance of pregnant women in consuming ARV is still a challenge in various health facilities, including at RSUD Ir. Soekarno Morotai Island. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the level of success of ARV tablet consumption and pregnant women infected with HIV at RSUD Ir. Soekarno Morotai Island. This study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The number of respondents was 16 pregnant women with HIV who were registered in the ARV therapy program at RSUD Ir. Soekarno Morotai Island. Data were collected through observation of ARV consumption compliance and interviews using structured questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test to see the relationship between the success of ARV consumption and maternal health status. The results of the study showed that there was a significant relationship between the level of success of ARV tablet consumption and the health conditions of pregnant women with HIV, with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). A total of 15 respondents (93.8%) who were compliant in consuming ARV experienced improvements in health status, while 1 respondent (6.2%) with low compliance showed less than optimal health outcomes. The success of ARV consumption plays an important role in improving the health of pregnant women with HIV, as well as contributing to reducing the risk of HIV transmission from mother to child. Therefore, compliance in consuming ARV needs to be continuously improved through education and support from health workers. Health workers are expected to be more active in providing education and assistance to pregnant women with HIV so that they are more compliant in consuming ARV. In addition, there needs to be a periodic monitoring and evaluation program to ensure the effectiveness of ARV therapy in preventing HIV transmission from mother to child.
The Connection between Individuals' Knowledge Levels and Their Interest in Using IUD Contraceptive Devices
Population policy in Indonesia represents a key government effort to regulate and control population growth. One of the most significant strategies in managing population growth is Family Planning, which helps reduce the rate of fertility and support healthier families. Among the various contraceptive methods, the IUD (Intrauterine Device) is a non-hormonal option that is commonly used by Fertile Age Couples (FACs). The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between the level of knowledge and the interest in the IUD contraceptive method among couples in the Puskesmas Pugaan area. This research employed an analytical approach using a cross-sectional design. The population for this study included all fertile couples in the Pugaan Health Center area. A purposive sampling technique was applied, selecting a sample of 20 participants. Data were collected through questionnaires, and the data were analyzed using the chi-square test with the SPSS version 25 software. The study found that 12 participants (60%) had good knowledge of IUDs, 5 participants (25%) had sufficient knowledge, and 3 participants (15%) had poor knowledge. Regarding interest in using IUDs, 16 participants (80%) expressed an interest, while 4 participants (20%) were not interested in using the IUD. The chi-square statistical test yielded a P value of 0.000 (P < 0.05), indicating a statistically significant relationship between knowledge level and interest in the IUD contraceptive method. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge and the interest in using IUD contraception at Puskesmas Pugaan. These findings suggest that improving the knowledge of couples about contraceptive methods like the IUD may play a crucial role in increasing interest and usage rates, contributing to more effective population control efforts
The Connection between Early Mobilization and Wound Healing Time After Sectio Caesarea at Morotai Island Hospital
Sectio caesarea (CS) is a common surgical procedure for high-risk deliveries, but one complication that may occur is slow wound healing. This can be influenced by several factors, one of which is early mobilization. Early mobilization improves blood circulation, reduces the risk of thrombosis, and accelerates wound healing. However, many post-CS mothers are hesitant to engage in early mobilization due to pain and discomfort. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between early mobilization and the duration of wound healing in post-CS mothers at Morotai Island Hospital. An analytical cross-sectional design was used, involving 16 post-CS mothers who were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was performed through observation, interviews, and a questionnaire, along with an examination of postoperative wound conditions. The Wilcoxon statistical test was used to assess the relationship between early mobilization and wound healing duration. The findings showed that mothers who engaged in early mobilization experienced faster wound healing compared to those who did not. The statistical test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant relationship between early mobilization and wound healing duration. Early mobilization was shown to be an effective strategy for accelerating post-CS recovery, as mothers who mobilized early had quicker recovery times. Based on these results, it is recommended that early mobilization be integrated into postoperative care plans to improve recovery and prevent complications. Additionally, more intensive education on the benefits of early mobilization should be provided to post-CS mothers. Healthcare providers at Morotai Island Regional Hospital should offer support and motivation to encourage mothers to engage in early mobilization, ultimately aiding in faster recovery.
The Effect of Nipple Stimulation on The Duration of The Second Stage of Labor at The Motolohu Health Center UPTD, Pohuwato Regency
The labor process in pregnant women can take place with varying times, and several factors can affect the duration of labor, one of which is nipple stimulation. Nipple stimulation is known to stimulate the production of oxytocin which helps accelerate uterine contractions and shorten the duration of labor, especially in the second stage. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of nipple stimulation on the duration of second stage labor in women giving birth at the Motolohu Health Center UPTD, Pohuwato Regency. This study aims to determine whether nipple stimulation can affect the duration of second stage labor in women giving birth at the Motolohu Health Center UPTD, Pohuwato Regency. This type of research is quantitative research with an experimental design using a pre-test and post-test approach. The study was conducted on 16 respondents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nipple stimulation was carried out during the active phase of labor to monitor changes in the duration of second stage labor. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that after nipple stimulation, there was a significant change in the duration of the second stage of labor in mothers in labor. The p value obtained from the Wilcoxon test was 0.000, which indicated that nipple stimulation had a significant effect on reducing the duration of the second stage of labor. Nipple stimulation can shorten the duration of the second stage of labor in mothers in labor at the Motolohu Health Center UPTD, Pohuwato Regency. This shows that nipple stimulation can be used as an alternative to accelerate the labor process safely and effectively. It is hoped that nipple stimulation can be used as one of the non-pharmacological interventions that are routinely carried out in health facilities as an effort to accelerate the labor process. Further research with larger samples and long-term research is also needed to confirm these results
The Effect of Giving Warm Compresses on Pain in First Stage Inpartu Patients at Kotamobagu Regional Hospital
Labor pain in the first stage is one of the main challenges faced by mothers in labor. Effective pain management is essential to improve comfort and smooth the labor process. One of the non-pharmacological methods that can be used is warm compresses, which are believed to be able to reduce pain intensity through muscle relaxation mechanisms and increased blood circulation. This study aims to analyze the effect of giving warm compresses on pain levels in first-stage labor patients at Kotamobagu Regional Hospital. Method: This study used a quantitative method with a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach with a control group. The study sample consisted of 16 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Pain measurements were taken before and after giving warm compresses using a numeric pain scale. Data analysis used the chi-square statistical test with a significance level of p <0.05. The results showed that there was a significant effect between giving warm compresses on reducing pain in first-stage labor patients with a p-value of 0.000 (p <0.05). Respondents who received warm compress intervention experienced a greater decrease in pain intensity compared to the group that did not receive the intervention. Giving warm compresses has been proven effective in reducing labor pain in the first stage. Therefore, this method can be recommended as one of the non-pharmacological pain management strategies in health care facilities. It is hoped that health workers, especially midwives, can be more active in implementing the warm compress method as part of labor pain management. In addition, further research with a larger sample size and a stronger research design is needed to strengthen these findings.
The Relationship Between Lower Back Pain and Functional Activity in Pregnant Women in The 3rd Trimester at The Paguyaman Community Health Center, Gorontalo Regency
Lower back pain is a common complaint often experienced by pregnant women, especially in the third trimester (TM 3). This condition can affect the functional activities of pregnant women, such as the ability to walk, stand, and perform daily activities. This study aims to determine the relationship between lower back pain and its effect on functional activities in TM 3 pregnant women at the Paguyaman Health Center, Gorontalo Regency. This study aims to identify a significant relationship between the level of lower back pain and disorders in the functional activities of TM 3 pregnant women at the Paguyaman Health Center. This study used an analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample used was 30 pregnant women in the third trimester who experienced lower back pain. Data were collected through a questionnaire to measure the level of lower back pain and its effect on functional activities. Data analysis was carried out using the chi-square test, and the p-value obtained was 0.000. The results of the study showed that there was a very significant relationship between lower back pain and functional activity disorders in pregnant women in the 3rd trimester, with a p-value = 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a strong influence between the two. Lower back pain in pregnant women in the 3rd trimester has a significant effect on functional activity disorders in mothers. This indicates the need for more attention to the treatment of lower back pain to improve the quality of life and mobility of pregnant women. It is recommended for medical personnel to provide education on how to manage lower back pain and techniques that can help pregnant women reduce pain and improve the quality of their functional activities. In addition, pregnant women should be given information about safe physical exercise to help reduce pain and improve mobility.